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Paul M. Garton; Adam Grimm; Sehee Kim – New Directions for Higher Education, 2023
Traditional ecological models are promising for making sense of international student experiences, but the assumed monolithic nature of the structuring systems is inadequate for explaining development that occurs across multiple systems. We present and expand a model called the Spanning Systems Model that recognizes multiple ecologies. The model…
Descriptors: Foreign Students, Ecology, Models, Student Experience