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The Cognitive Costs and Advantages of Children's Exposure to Parental Relationship Instability: Testing an Evolutionary-Developmental Hypothesis
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Davies, Patrick T.; Thompson, Morgan J.; Li, Zhi; Sturge-Apple, Melissa L. – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Guided by evolutionary-developmental models, this study tested the hypothesis that children's exposure to parental relationship instability, defined by initiation and dissolution of caregiver intimate relationships, has both costs in cognitive impairments and benefits in enhanced learning skills. Participants included 243 mothers and their…
Descriptors: Parent Child Relationship, Child Development, Marital Instability, Models
The Contribution of Primary Motor Cortex Is Essential for Probabilistic Implicit Sequence Learning: Evidence from Theta Burst Magnetic Stimulation
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Wilkinson, Leonora; Teo, James T.; Obeso, Ignacio; Rothwell, John C.; Jahanshahi, Marjan – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2010
Theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TBS) is considered to produce plastic changes in human motor cortex. Here, we examined the inhibitory and excitatory effects of TBS on implicit sequence learning using a probabilistic serial reaction time paradigm. We investigated the involvement of several cortical regions associated with implicit…
Descriptors: Stimulation, Reaction Time, Matched Groups, Cognitive Processes
The Study of Individual Differences In Infancy And Early Childhood
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Boyd, Elizabeth – Journal of Research and Development in Education, 1973
Two theoretical models of visual attention and contingent learning were presented to provide a framework for the consideration of how observed individual differences in infant behavior may interact with nonsocial stimuli and caretaker-mediated stimuli to influence the individual's development of patterns of visual attention and contingency…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Educational Research, Individual Differences, Infants
Pathways in Development. Studies in the Learning Sciences, 4.
Bower, T. G. R. – 1977
The growth model of intelligence; i.e. intelligence is the product of genetics plus environment (I.Q.=G+E), is discussed and questioned. If the growth model is discarded, formulating the problem of the development of intelligence in different ways and thinking of different possible technologies for changing intelligence can begin. The child…
Descriptors: Child Development, Children, Cultural Differences, Developmental Stages
A Study of a "Model of School Learning." Monograph Number 4.
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Carroll, John B.; Spearritt, Donald – 1967
A booklet of a programmed-instruction type was developed to obtain the measures needed to test Carroll's model of school learning, including ability, aptitude, quality of instruction, opportunity for learning, perserverance, and time criterion. Simple rules in an artificial foreign language were taught by means of the booklet to sixth-grade…
Descriptors: Academic Aptitude, Cognitive Ability, Experimental Teaching, Grade 6
Two Key Concepts in the Diagnosis of Learning Disabilities and the Habilitation of Learning.
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Reynolds, Cecil R. – Learning Disability Quarterly, 1992
Two key concepts in diagnosing learning disabilities ("severe discrepancy" and "process dysfunction") are reviewed, and their relationship to the habilitation of learning is discussed. Guidelines are given for calculating a severe discrepancy, and the evaluation of processing skills is discussed. Strength models of remediation…
Descriptors: Ability, Academic Achievement, Age, Clinical Diagnosis