This text critically examines traditional methodologies for teaching grammar in the context of Portuguese as a Foreign Language (PFL). It proposes an alternative, eclectic approach, which can be used in any foreign language. Drawing on evidence from research and pedagogical practices, it highlights areas for improvement in current approaches, such…

Goals are central to understanding how students learn a second language. Much of the existing research on goals in the field of language learning has focused exclusively on achievement goals, particularly mastery and performance goals. However, exclusively focusing on achievement goals precludes language researchers from exploring other important…

In STEM hands-on learning activities, collaboration with group members can be a significant motivator for students' engagement. This research is based on the 6E Learning by DeSIGN™ model and explores the impact of incorporating reflective strategies on students' learning performance, motivation, and participation in collaborative STEM learning…

This research aimed to determine the factor that had the most significant contribution to students' motivation to learn English and the predictors of each element in the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) model in the Vietnamese context. Quantitative results were collected from 231s to year English major students via the survey questionnaire…

The purpose of the study is to present the Beehive Interactive Learning Model (BILM) and to provide an example of its application in an undergraduate statistics course. The model is developed by the researcher, who is a professor in Educational Measurement and Evaluation area in Turkey with over 15 years of teaching experience. The model is based…

A research study on the L2 Motivational Self-systems (L2MSS) and technology acceptance of Foreign Language Learners (EFL) in relation to Language Massive Open Online Courses (LMOOCs) is warranted. In response, 336 Iranian EFL learners participated in three LMOOC platforms, learned language online in line with their language institutes, and…

Despite the significance of grit and motivational regulation strategies (MRS) to language learning, limited research has been conducted on their longitudinal interplay. The present study explores the relationship between these two constructs in an English as a second language (L2) learning context through a longitudinal design. This study utilizes…

The adoption of virtual learning environments (VLEs) in education has grown significantly due to their potential to enhance learning. Effective learning in VLEs depends on managing cognitive load and sustaining motivation, particularly for complex tasks like developing teachers' professional vision -- the ability to notice and interpret classroom…

The goal of ITS is to support learning content, activities, and resources, adapted to the specific needs of the individual learner and influenced by learner's motivation. One of the major challenges to the mainstream adoption of adaptive learning is the complexity and time involved in guiding the learning process. To tackle these problems, this…

Value clarification technique (VCT) and teaching and contextual learning (CTL) are learning models that are rarely compared in history learning. Hence, the purpose of this study was to find: (1) The differences in student learning outcomes using the VCT model and the CTL learning model; (2) Differences in student learning outcomes between the use…

This study investigates how engagement (E), foreign language enjoyment (FLE), and ambiguity tolerance (AT) exert mediation/moderation in metaverse-based foreign language learning (FLL). Featuring augment/simulation-based experiences and self-fulfillment/external-control-oriented mechanics, metaverse provides virtualized interactive circumstances…

The present study is aimed at examining the links between L2 self-guides and self-determination theory (SDT). 429 Korean university students participated in the study and their responses to the questionnaires on L2 self-guides in the 2 x 2 model and autonomous motivation of SDT were analyzed. The results show that, first, promotion focused L2…

Virtual Reality has proven to be highly promising within the field of learning. Most VR learning methods do not effectively implement pedagogical models or adapt to the individual's learning style. This research aims to bridge this gap by integrating Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs), Flow Theory and Gamification within an educational Virtual Reality…

Based on the existing 3P model, this paper constructed a new 3P model under the blended-project-based learning (BPBL) environment, used the course teaching data to verify this model, and revealed the potential factors that affect the learning process and learning outcomes. The results showed that the presage variables of academic motivation and…

While interest in multilingualism is growing, in the field of motivation little research has examined the role played by learners' multilingual selves in constructing their motivation to learn a foreign language other than English (LOTE). Based on a dynamic model of the L2 Motivational Self System, this study explores how Chinese undergraduates'…