Data and models about recognition and recall of words and nonwords are unified using a real-time network processing theory. Adaptive resonance theory arose from an analysis of how a language system self-organizes in real time in response to its complex input environment. (Author/LMO)

Demonstrates what is to be understood by "procedural knowledge," at a time when researchers demand more process-oriented language courses to replace factual knowledge-oriented ones. The article presents a neurobiologically based model of the mental processes involved in the acquisition and use of language knowledge and discusses how pedagogical…

This annotated reading list addresses the problem of the paucity of literature dealing specifically with the relationship between personality and language learning. There is no general theoretical model that encompasses personality theory, self-concept, ego development, learning theory, motivation, and body image as they relate to…