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King, Diane; Coughlin, Patricia Kathleen – Preventing School Failure, 2016
There are two approaches for providing Tier 2 interventions within Response to Intervention (RtI): standard treatment protocol (STP) and the problem-solving approach (PSA). This article describes the multi-tiered RtI prevention model being implemented across the United States through an analysis of these two approaches in reading instruction. It…
Descriptors: Response to Intervention, Problem Solving, Models, Reading Instruction
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Lippitt, Mary E.; Mackenzie, Kenneth D. – Administrative Science Quarterly, 1976
Authority-task problems are organizational problems created by inconsistencies between the task process system and both the authority system and the formal hierarchy of offices. A new theory is used to develop a model that predicts how an administrator responds to an authority-task problem. (Author/IRT)
Descriptors: Administrators, Decision Making, Group Structure, Higher Education