This paper describes a comprehensive model of alignment that provides a foundation for meaningful reporting of students' academic progress over time. The model includes both horizontal and vertical alignment as integral parts of the development of content standards, test blueprints, items, item pools, instruments, performance level descriptors,…

The Maryland Center for Thinking Studies, established at Coppin State College in July 1988, and presented in this report, provides training and resources in the teaching of thinking and fosters research in thinking improvement. When fully operational, the Center will assimilate and contribute to research in cognitive instruction, disseminate the…