Two studies investigated two groups of young children at the ages of four and eight years, respectively. Subjects were required to solve a simple problem task by performing a response opposite to that demonstrated by an adult. Girls' performance was significantly worse than boys', regardless of the sex of the model. (Author/CI)

A study was made to determine 1) whether boys and girls in the same grade level learn equally well from the same types of illustration, and 2) whether identical illustrations are equally effective for boys and girls in the same grade level on tests designed to measure student achievement of different educational objectives. The study showed no…

This paper reports research on the applicability of the Wisconsin Model of adolescent educational performance and aspirations in explaining development in a sample of 3028 students enrolled in grades 8-12 in 23 public schools in Mississippi. Main and interaction effects of race and sex were examined using questionnaire data gathered in 1972. The…

The relationship between identity and intimacy development was studied using 71 male and 71 female college students over a 5-week period using 3 theoretical models reflecting possible gender distinctions. Cross-lag panel correlation investigated the validity of the models. Evidence in support of the models is evaluated. (SLD)

Data from two juvenile correctional facilities indicate that the deprivation model is a better predictor of adaptation to confinement for males than is the importation model. For females, variables from both deprivation and importation models have a significant impact. (Author)

This large-scale international comparative study addresses changes in students' math- and English-related self-concept of ability, subjective task-value and interest. Australian (N=1,323) and American (N=651) students are from two separate studies with similar designs and samples, in three cohorts spanning grades 7 to 11 in Australia and 7 to 12…

In a sample of undergraduates with comparable abilities, preparation levels, and interests in science, women abandoned their plans to major in science at a significantly greater rate than men did. The different factors that predict men's and women's decisions to choose scientific fields are examined. (Author/MLW)

Examined impact of three preschool models identified through cluster analysis of teacher-survey responses on 4-year olds' development and basic-skill mastery. Found that children in the child-initiated model demonstrated greater skill mastery than children in programs emphasizing academics and skill instruction. Children in the combination model…

This paper reviews traditional, male-orientated theories of college student development, along with more recent theories that address the experiences of college women, and presents an analysis and synthesis of both groups of theoretical constructs. Student development is defined in terms of academic, personal, and professional achievement and…

This study investigated improvement in reading/language arts test performance by non-transient learners in three accelerated schools. The sample included sixth-grade students who remained in the same accelerated school for at least four years. The third and fifth grade readers' scores on Louisiana's criterion-referenced test were used in this…

Theoretical and technical problems are covered in this progress report on methods of forecasting enrollment in grammar schools and universities in the Netherlands. A review of the combined efforts of persons who have contributed to the work of analyzing and forecasting this enrollment is contained. The analysis of grammar school enrollment…

The ways male and female students communicate in computer-mediated distance education courses were examined through a comparison of the communication techniques used by 15 females and 4 males enrolled in a computer conferencing course that required students to share their thoughts regarding a weekly reading assignments and related discussion…

The major research question addressed in this dissertation is: To what extent do past attainment models which have been primarily applied to white male samples predict the educational achievement of blacks and women? Data for this inquiry are based on a subsample of black and white males and females who participated in a National Longitudinal…

The personal possibilities that 15-year-olds in Australia and Singapore perceived in relation to their career and leisure pursuits were examined. The extent to which both awareness of options and a consideration of multiple options for self were associated with culture, gender, and class was considered. (Author/MLW)

Examined impact of peer experience on seventh graders' strategies for coping with peer hassles. Found that more aggressive adolescents perceived more control over hassles. More aggressive, unpopular adolescents used more negative strategies; more popular aggressive females used more problem-focused strategies. Withdrawn adolescents perceived less…