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Winiger, Samuel; Singmann, Henrik; Kellen, David – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Ongoing discussions on the nature of storage in visual working memory have mostly focused on 2 theoretical accounts: On one hand we have a discrete-state account, postulating that information in working memory is supported with high fidelity for a limited number of discrete items by a given number of "slots," with no information being…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Short Term Memory, Recognition (Psychology), Models
Demir, Bora – Shanlax International Journal of Education, 2021
Working Memory (WM) is an essential concept of cognitive science since many aspects of human learning depend on it. Primarily proposed by Baddeley and Hitch (1974) and developed by Baddeley (1986), the concept of WM comprises the number of subsystems involved during the process and the considerable emphasis on its key role in cognitive tasks such…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Second Language Learning, Phonology
Ye, Chaoxiong; Hu, Zhonghua; Li, Hong; Ristaniemi, Tapani; Liu, Qiang; Liu, Taosheng – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Two broad theories of visual working memory (VWM) storage have emerged from current research, a discrete slot-based theory and a continuous resource theory. However, neither the discrete slot-based theory or continuous resource theory clearly stipulates how the mental commodity for VWM (discrete slot or continuous resource) is allocated.…
Descriptors: Models, Resource Allocation, Short Term Memory, Undergraduate Students
Annis, Jeffrey; Palmeri, Thomas J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
The development of visual expertise is accompanied by enhanced visual object recognition memory within an expert domain. We aimed to understand the relationship between expertise and memory by modeling cognitive mechanisms. Participants with a measured range of birding expertise were recruited and tested on memory for birds (expert domain) and…
Descriptors: Long Term Memory, Short Term Memory, Visual Perception, Expertise
Heyselaar, Evelien; Wheeldon, Linda; Segaert, Katrien – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Structural priming is the tendency to repeat syntactic structure across sentences and can be divided into short-term (prime to immediately following target) and long-term (across an experimental session) components. This study investigates how nondeclarative memory could support both the transient, short-term and the persistent, long-term…
Descriptors: Priming, Memory, Short Term Memory, Perception
Baddeley, Alan D. – Second Language Research, 2017
The concept of modularity is used to contrast the approach to working memory proposed by Truscott with the Baddeley and Hitch multicomponent model. This proposes four sub components comprising the "central executive," an executive control system of limited attentional capacity that utilises storage based on separate but interlinked…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Executive Function, Phonology, Visual Perception
Nosofsky, Robert M.; Donkin, Chris – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
We report an experiment designed to provide a qualitative contrast between knowledge-limited versions of mixed-state and variable-resources (VR) models of visual change detection. The key data pattern is that observers often respond "same" on big-change trials, while simultaneously being able to discriminate between same and small-change…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Probability, Models, Prediction
Miller, Daniel C. – School Psychology Forum, 2015
The Woodcock-Johnson-Fourth edition (WJ IV; Schrank, McGrew, & Mather, 2014a) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fifth edition (WISC-V; Wechsler, 2014) are two of the major tests of cognitive abilities used in school psychology. The complete WJ IV battery includes the Woodcock-Johnson IV Tests of Cognitive Abilities (Schrank,…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Tests, Children, Intelligence Tests
Pizlo, Zygmunt; Stefanov, Emil – Journal of Problem Solving, 2013
We describe an important elaboration of our multiscale/multiresolution model for solving the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). Our previous model emulated the non-uniform distribution of receptors on the human retina and the shifts of visual attention. This model produced near-optimal solutions of TSP in linear time by performing hierarchical…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Short Term Memory, Models, Visual Perception
Swanson, H. Lee – Developmental Psychology, 2017
This study investigates whether age-related changes in the structure of 5 complex working memory (WM) tasks (a) reflect a general or domain specific system, (b) follows a similar trajectory across different age spans, and (c) contribute domain general or domain specific resources to achievement measures. The study parsed the sample (N = 2,471)…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Spatial Ability, Verbal Ability, Short Term Memory
Brady, Timothy F.; Tenenbaum, Joshua B. – Psychological Review, 2013
When remembering a real-world scene, people encode both detailed information about specific objects and higher order information like the overall gist of the scene. However, formal models of change detection, like those used to estimate visual working memory capacity, assume observers encode only a simple memory representation that includes no…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Visual Perception, Change, Identification
Huang, Liqiang; Mo, Lei; Li, Ying – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
A large part of the empirical research in the field of visual attention has focused on various concrete paradigms. However, as yet, there has been no clear demonstration of whether or not these paradigms are indeed measuring the same underlying construct. We collected a very large data set (nearly 1.3 million trials) to address this question. We…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Attention, Short Term Memory, Individual Differences
Orhan, A. Emin; Jacobs, Robert A. – Psychological Review, 2013
Experimental evidence suggests that the content of a memory for even a simple display encoded in visual short-term memory (VSTM) can be very complex. VSTM uses organizational processes that make the representation of an item dependent on the feature values of all displayed items as well as on these items' representations. Here, we develop a…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Visual Perception, Cognitive Processes, Bias
von Hecker, Ulrich; Klauer, Karl Christoph; Wolf, Lukas; Fazilat-Pour, Masoud – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Memory performance in linear order reasoning tasks (A > B, B > C, C > D, etc.) shows quicker, and more accurate responses to queries on wider (AD) than narrower (AB) pairs on a hypothetical linear mental model (A -- B -- C -- D). While indicative of an analogue representation, research so far did not provide positive evidence for spatial…
Descriptors: Memory, Short Term Memory, Spatial Ability, Visual Perception
Allen, Richard J.; Havelka, Jelena; Falcon, Thomas; Evans, Sally; Darling, Stephen – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
The question of how meaningful associations between verbal and spatial information might be utilized to facilitate working memory performance is potentially highly instructive for models of memory function. The present study explored how separable processing capacities within specialized domains might each contribute to this, by examining the…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Spatial Ability, Visual Perception, Correlation