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Showing 1 to 15 of 26 results Save | Export
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Stringer, David – Second Language Research, 2021
Westergaard (2021) presents an updated account of the Linguistic Proximity Model and the micro-cue approach to the parser as an acquisition device. The property-by-property view of transfer inherent in this approach contrasts with other influential models that assume that third language (L3) acquisition involves the creation of a full copy of only…
Descriptors: Transfer of Training, Linguistic Theory, Second Language Learning, Multilingualism
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Natasha Tokowicz; Tessa Warren; Leida Tolentino – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2024
Adult second language learners arrive at the language learning situation with an already formed first language grammar system in place. The study of cross-language similarity across the first and second languages explores how the similarities and differences in the two languages make learning more or less difficult, particularly for adult…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Syntax, Grammar, Second Language Learning
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González Alonso, Jorge; Rothman, Jason – Second Language Research, 2021
In this commentary to Westergaard (2021), we focus on two main questions. The first, and most important, is what type of L3 data may be construed as supporting evidence--as opposed to a compatible outcome--for the Linguistic Proximity Model. In this regard, we highlight a number of areas in which it remains difficult to derive testable predictions…
Descriptors: Transfer of Training, Second Language Learning, Native Language, Linguistic Theory
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Grüter, Theres – Second Language Research, 2021
In this commentary, I suggest that it may be helpful to think about the formidable problem space that Westergaard's (2021) Linguistic Proximity Model seeks to address at the three levels of analysis that Marr (1982) famously proposed are needed to understand any complex cognitive system. I argue that at the computational level of analysis, where…
Descriptors: Linguistic Theory, Second Language Learning, Multilingualism, Native Language
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Bardel, Camilla; Falk, Ylva – Second Language Research, 2021
This text comments on the Keynote article 'Microvariation in multilingual situations: The importance of property-by-property acquisition' by Marit Westergaard, who argues for Full Transfer Potential within the Linguistic Proximity Model in third language (L3) acquisition. The commentary points at some theoretical and methodological issues related…
Descriptors: Native Language, Second Language Learning, Multilingualism, Transfer of Training
Nicula, Bogdan; Dascalu, Mihai; Newton, Natalie N.; Orcutt, Ellen; McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2021
Learning to paraphrase supports both writing ability and reading comprehension, particularly for less skilled learners. As such, educational tools that integrate automated evaluations of paraphrases can be used to provide timely feedback to enhance learner paraphrasing skills more efficiently and effectively. Paraphrase identification is a popular…
Descriptors: Computational Linguistics, Feedback (Response), Classification, Learning Processes
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Westergaard, Marit – Second Language Research, 2021
In this article, I argue that first language (L1), second language (L2) and third language (L3) acquisition are fundamentally the same process, based on learning by parsing. Both child and adult learners are sensitive to fine linguistic distinctions, and language development takes place in small steps. While the bulk of the article focuses on…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Linguistic Input, Second Language Learning, Native Language
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Kim, Byungsoo; Yu, Hangyeol; Shin, Dongmin; Choi, Youngduck – International Educational Data Mining Society, 2021
The needs for precisely estimating a student's academic performance have been emphasized with an increasing amount of attention paid to Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS). However, since labels for academic performance, such as test scores, are collected from outside of ITS, obtaining the labels is costly, leading to label-scarcity problem which…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Prediction, Scores
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Liang, Lijuan; Chondrogianni, Vasiliki; Chen, Baoguo – Second Language Research, 2022
The perfective aspect marker in Chinese is partly functionally similar to inflectional suffixes in Indo-European languages but is non-inflectional and lexical in nature, lying thus at the semantics-syntax interface. This provides us with the opportunity to compare directly the syntactic and semantic constraints during second language (L2) sentence…
Descriptors: Grammar, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Transfer of Training
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Janciauskas, Marius; Chang, Franklin – Cognitive Science, 2018
Language learning requires linguistic input, but several studies have found that knowledge of second language (L2) rules does not seem to improve with more language exposure (e.g., Johnson & Newport, 1989). One reason for this is that previous studies did not factor out variation due to the different rules tested. To examine this issue, we…
Descriptors: Linguistic Input, Second Language Learning, Age Differences, Syntax
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Gullifer, Jason W.; Titone, Debra – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
We investigated whether cross-language activation is sensitive to shifting language demands and language experience during first and second language (i.e., L1, L2) reading. Experiment 1 consisted of L1 French-L2 English bilinguals reading in the L2, and Experiment 2 consisted of L1 English-L2 French bilinguals reading in the L1. Both groups read…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Second Language Learning, Native Language, French
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Baek, Seunghyun – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2014
This study investigated the sub-syllabic awareness of two groups of 86 Korean kindergarteners learning English as a foreign language (EFL) or English as a second language (ESL). In addition, it explored the cross-language transfer of sub-syllabic units between Korean and English by taking into account their lexical abilities with respect to the…
Descriptors: Syllables, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Bilingualism
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Hartsuiker, Robert J. – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2013
Muysken argues for four general "strategies" that characterize language contact phenomena across several levels of description. These strategies are (A) maximize structural coherence of the first language (L1); (B) maximize structural coherence of the second language (L2); (C) match between L1 and L2 patterns where possible; and (D) use…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Language Processing, Native Language, Second Language Learning
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Mulligan, Neil W.; Picklesimer, Milton – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Dual-process models differentiate between two bases of memory, recollection and familiarity. It is routinely claimed that deeper, semantic encoding enhances recollection relative to shallow, non-semantic encoding, and that recollection is largely a product of semantic, elaborative rehearsal. The present experiments show that this is not always the…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Semantics, Computational Linguistics, Familiarity
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Morett, Laura M.; Macwhinney, Brian – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2013
Competition Model studies of second language learners have demonstrated that there is a gradual replacement of first language cues for thematic role assignment by second language cues. The current study introduced two methodological innovations in the investigation of this process. The first was the use of mouse-tracking methodology (Spivey, 2007)…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Form Classes (Languages), Second Language Learning, Transfer of Training
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