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Liunian Li – ProQuest LLC, 2024
To build an Artificial Intelligence system that can assist us in daily lives, the ability to understand the world around us through visual input is essential. Prior studies train visual perception models by defining concept vocabularies and annotate data against the fixed vocabulary. It is hard to define a comprehensive set of everything, and thus…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Visual Stimuli, Visual Perception, Models
Fernández-López, María; Marcet, Ana; Perea, Manuel – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
In past decades, researchers have conducted a myriad of masked priming lexical decision experiments aimed at unveiling the early processes underlying lexical access. A relatively overlooked question is whether a masked unrelated wordlike/unwordlike prime influences the processing of the target stimuli. If participants apply to the primes the same…
Descriptors: Priming, Decision Making, Language Processing, Bayesian Statistics
Batel, Essa – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2020
This study tested the effect of constraining sentence context on word recognition time (RT) in the first and second language. Native (L1) and nonnative (L2) speakers of English performed self-paced reading and listening tasks to see whether a semantically-rich preceding context would lead to the activation of a probable upcoming word prior to…
Descriptors: Word Recognition, Visual Stimuli, Auditory Stimuli, Auditory Perception
Chen, Qi; Mirman, Daniel – Psychological Review, 2012
One of the core principles of how the mind works is the graded, parallel activation of multiple related or similar representations. Parallel activation of multiple representations has been particularly important in the development of theories and models of language processing, where coactivated representations ("neighbors") have been shown to…
Descriptors: Competition, Word Recognition, Language Processing, Inhibition
Shook, Anthony; Marian, Viorica – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2013
During speech comprehension, bilinguals co-activate both of their languages, resulting in cross-linguistic interaction at various levels of processing. This interaction has important consequences for both the structure of the language system and the mechanisms by which the system processes spoken language. Using computational modeling, we can…
Descriptors: Listening Comprehension, Language Processing, Bilingualism, Oral Language
Koring, Loes; Mak, Pim; Reuland, Eric – Cognition, 2012
Previous research has found that the single argument of unaccusative verbs (such as "fall") is reactivated during sentence processing, but the argument of agentive verbs (such as "jump") is not ( and ). An open question so far was whether this difference in processing is caused by a difference in thematic roles the verbs assign, or a difference in…
Descriptors: Sentences, Models, Verbs, Syntax
Verdonschot, Rinus G.; Middelburg, Renee; Lensink, Saskia E.; Schiller, Niels O. – Cognition, 2012
In a long-lag morphological priming experiment, Dutch (L1)-English (L2) bilinguals were asked to name pictures and read aloud words. A design using non-switch blocks, consisting solely of Dutch stimuli, and switch-blocks, consisting of Dutch primes and targets with intervening English trials, was administered. Target picture naming was facilitated…
Descriptors: Priming, Inhibition, Cognitive Processes, Indo European Languages
Rae, Babette; Heathcote, Andrew; Donkin, Chris; Averell, Lee; Brown, Scott – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Decision-makers effortlessly balance the need for urgency against the need for caution. Theoretical and neurophysiological accounts have explained this tradeoff solely in terms of the "quantity" of evidence required to trigger a decision (the "threshold"). This explanation has also been used as a benchmark test for evaluating…
Descriptors: Decision Making Skills, Reaction Time, Evidence, Accuracy
Velan, Hadas; Frost, Ram – Cognition, 2011
Recent studies suggest that basic effects which are markers of visual word recognition in Indo-European languages cannot be obtained in Hebrew or in Arabic. Although Hebrew has an alphabetic writing system, just like English, French, or Spanish, a series of studies consistently suggested that simple form-orthographic priming, or…
Descriptors: Semitic Languages, Phonemes, Written Language, Word Recognition
Dunabeitia, Jon Andoni; Aviles, Alberto; Afonso, Olivia; Scheepers, Christoph; Carreiras, Manuel – Cognition, 2009
In the present visual-world experiment, participants were presented with visual displays that included a target item that was a semantic associate of an abstract or a concrete word. This manipulation allowed us to test a basic prediction derived from the qualitatively different representational framework that supports the view of different…
Descriptors: Semantics, Vocabulary Development, Semiotics, Models
Konopka, Agnieszka E; Bock, Kathryn – Cognitive Psychology, 2009
To compare abstract structural and lexicalist accounts of syntactic processes in sentence formulation, we examined the effectiveness of nonidiomatic and idiomatic phrasal verbs in inducing structural generalizations. Three experiments made use of a syntactic priming paradigm in which participants recalled sentences they had read in rapid serial…
Descriptors: Sentences, Verbs, Syntax, Cognitive Processes
Milin, Petar; Filipovic Durdevic, Dusica; Moscoso del Prado Martin, Fermin – Journal of Memory and Language, 2009
In this study, we investigate the relevance of inflectional paradigms and inflectional classes for lexical processing. We provide an information-theoretical measure of the divergence in the frequency distributions of two of the paradigms to which a word simultaneously belongs: the paradigm of the stem and the more general paradigm of the nominal…
Descriptors: Models, Form Classes (Languages), Linguistic Theory, Language Processing
Frankish, Clive – Journal of Memory and Language, 2008
Theoretical accounts of both speech perception and of short term memory must consider the extent to which perceptual representations of speech sounds might survive in relatively unprocessed form. This paper describes a novel version of the serial recall task that can be used to explore this area of shared interest. In immediate recall of digit…
Descriptors: Cues, Auditory Perception, Short Term Memory, Recall (Psychology)
Bi, Yanchao; Xu, Yaoda; Caramazza, Alfonso – Applied Psycholinguistics, 2009
One important finding with the picture-word interference paradigm is that picture-naming performance is facilitated by the presentation of a distractor (e.g., CAP) formally related to the picture name (e.g., "cat"). In two picture-naming experiments we investigated the nature of such form facilitation effect with Mandarin Chinese, separating the…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Phonology, Models, Mandarin Chinese
Adelman, James S.; Brown, Gordon D. A. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2008
Models of visual word recognition have been assessed by both factorial and regression approaches. Factorial approaches tend to provide a relatively weak test of models, and regression approaches give little indication of the sources of models' mispredictions, especially when parameters are not optimal. A new alternative method, involving…
Descriptors: Investigations, Word Recognition, Visual Stimuli, Models