The manual describes the Autonomous Learner Model for the Gifted and Talented (K-12), an approach to helping students become problem solvers through divergent and convergent thinking. Among basic principles of the model are emphases on self esteem, social skills, student interests, and broad-based content topics. Each of five dimensions of the…

Described in the context of a computer simulation are highlights of a program of research focusing on the storage of mathematics problem solving information in young children's memory and the development of such knowledge structures in older children. Specifically discussed are the problem size effect, the network nature of the memory…

Part of a collection of papers commissioned by Foundations, a project designed to identify the career development needs of students entering the National Technical Institute for the Deaf, this paper examines research on problem solving and decision making. The section on problem solving reviews various models and concepts associated with problem…

The authors present the DALSTRA model of decision making, a descriptive statement of ways individuals or groups respond to different kinds of decision-making problems they encounter. Decision making is viewed in two phases: the decision-making antecedents (whether to decide, how to decide) and the modes of decision making (Chance/Impulse,…

Describes a five-step method of conflict reduction suitable for use by practicing counselors. Presents the model in how-to-do-it fashion, supplementing it with illustrations. Describes reactions of eight counselors who used the model in 37 conflict cases. Presents responses of the persons involved in the conflicts. (Author)

The purposes of this study were: (1) to test several social decision schemes to obtain plausible explanations of different group processes in solving different disjunctive tasks; and (2) to study both dyads and tetrads solving a eureka and a non-eureka disjunctive task. Social decision schemes theory assumes that a group decision is a joint…

The relationship between the content and the context of curriculum was explored by applying basic concepts and approaches from the fields of policy analysis and organization theory. A chronology of the policy formation stage in which the University of Iowa developed its recommendations for curriculum revision is presented. The format indicates…

This paper describes the characteristics and circumstances defining nine decision cases in an effort to provide methodological assistance for practitioners. Each case is examined according to its objectives (single or multiple), resource level (limited or unlimited), time frame (a priori or evaluative), and the nature of desired decisions. In…

Operational gaming is a kind of decision simulation where the players make decisions within the framework of a simulated operating system. For the game to have value in developing vocational awareness, the decision-making exercise should be structured around a model of real life vocational decisions. The gaming experience aims toward helping the…

Most existing automatic content analysis and indexing techniques are based on work frequency characteristics applied largely in an ad hoc manner. Contradictory requirements arise in this connection, in that terms exhibiting high occurrence frequencies in individual documents are often useful for high recall performance (to retrieve many relevant…

This paper presents a six-stage model for sexual decision making which is based on six questions, each of which represents a point at which a decision must be made. The six questions are: (1) intercourse or no intercourse; (2) children or no children; (3) birth control or no birth control; (4) delivery or abortion; (5) keep the child or give it…

This paper emphasizes the need to go beyond structural models of personality and intellect to develop sequential models of psychological process, particularly for such complex phenomena of prime concern to theory and application as learning, problem solving, and creativity. It is further argued that factor analysis, in a multitude of studies of…

A new form of the Purdue Elementary Problem Solving Inventory which presents real-life problem situations as three-dimensional models is described and developmental data is presented. Second and fourth graders in an advantaged and a disadvantaged school were given either the model version or the original slide version of the Inventory. The model…

This model for solving educational problems consists of four major steps: (1) the problem is defined and verified; (2) solution criteria are established; (3) solution alternatives are surveyed; and (4) a solution is selected. "Problem" is defined as the discrepancy between an existing condition and a desired condition. This model is to be…

The author presents these three ground rules for engaging in organizational conflict: (1) take the offensive; (2) take the cue for the second move from the opponent's defensive response; and (3) know when to execute a "strategic retreat." (HMV)