Examined are theories and research concerned with the development of play behaviors in mentally retarded children and adolescents. (DB)

Describes the Health Advocacy Training Project (HAT), Medical College of Pennsylvania Child Development Program, in which day care program staff members are given technical assistance and training in health practices and advocacy they can use in designing a health component for their own programs. (SDH)

The author proposes a model for evaluation of learning in clinical nursing courses which incorporates three classes of objectives: instructional (the "defined behavior" type), expressive (elaboration and indivivualization of learned skills and meanings), and Type 3 (problem-solving). Three types of outcome are distinguished: instructor-, student-,…

This paper details Michael Lewis and Mark Starr's model of early child development known as the salient responses of the human organism. The model is described as a representation of the actions taken by humans in their qualitative attempts to move to more progressive states of development through interactions with the environment. The salient…

The heightened interest in college program review is traced to a widespread interest in improving educational quality and the need to respond creatively to financial constraints and external expectations for accountability. Current program reviews have also been designed to aid in decision making about resource reallocation and program…

A debate about qualitative versus quantitative analysis has been waged in the scientific community for several years. A different set of parameters is suggested for this debate, and a logical transformation is outlined that makes the qualitative/quantitative distinction at the epistemological level a non-problem. While the strategy of induction…

This paper discusses a range of teaching styles possible for use in Intelligent Computer Aided Instruction (ICAI) and suggests that they may usefully be thought of as points within a framework of guided discovery teaching methods. The nature of guidance in tutoring and possible ways of providing guidance are discussed in the context of…

An advisory group's study of the training needs of people working in countryside conservation and recreation in Great Britain recommends that: (1) employers and training providers make available training that balances the three strands of management (resources, people, and the system), ensure that staff acquire the full range of key skills and…

The use of quantitative decision making tools provides the decision maker with a range of alternatives among which to decide, permits acceptance and use of the optimal solution, and decreases risk. Training line administrators in the use of these tools can help school business officials obtain reliable information upon which to base district…

Egon G. Guba and Yvonna S. Lincoln were among the first to develop a set of extensive criteria for establishing naturalistic inquiry as a disciplined research methodology. The naturalistic paradigm--also called post-positivist, ethnographic, phenomenological, and qualitative--has gained acceptance as a legitimate alternative to the previously…

Both evaluators and storytellers pull together the events they hear and see; they create unified, coherent entities out of the parts they gather. This guide considers two levels at which the understanding of the nature and methods of narrative writing, or storytelling, can be of use to the evaluator. The highest level is to use the notion of…

This paper provides an overview of the results of a 20-month review of the popular, professional, and research literature on dual-career couples undertaken to advance the theory and practice of career counseling with dual-career couples. The results described have direct application to assessing normative dilemmas and themes that occur during…

The purpose of the three papers that make up this document is to explore and redefine the role of debate judges. The first paper, by Leslie Phillips, begins with the assertion that the debate judge is first and foremost an educator, notes that judging is one of the forces that shape and direct competitive forensics, and goes on to consider…

An approach which is designed to help students better understand the utility of models in understanding and doing physics, specifically in a course in light and color, is described in this paper. Explanations are given and illustrations are provided of an analogue model of waves which assist in the creation of an abstract model to deduce Snell's…