The use of formal written standards as a way to improve a product or service is discussed and illustrated by an analysis of the planned development of standards for educational data reporting. The Cooperative Educational Data Collection and Reporting Standards (CEDCARS) project is intended to apply to a wide range of educational data collection…

Preliminary findings are reported from a study examining changes in preschool-aged child communication skill occurring when parents were trained to apply one of two procedures: milieu teaching and responsive-interactive teaching. Three families participated in milieu language training in which the adult uses naturally occurring situations as…

The research method used to evaluate a program of instruction in English as a Second Language (ESL) reading based on schema theory is discussed. The program is used in public schools in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). In the first section, the research design, procedures, and instruments are presented. An experimental method is used, but is adapted so…

It is proposed that a general communicative second language syllabus can be adapted for the specific requirements of a second language reading model. This is demonstrated with one model by filling the content, product, and process dimensions with reading-specific elements. Content consists of text type of form (novel, news story, report, etc.),…

This paper addresses some of the concerns inherent in evaluating feminists' projects and focuses on three topics: (1) a discussion of some objections raised by feminists about traditional forms of assessment; (2) a description of the strengths and weaknesses of illuminative evaluation as an alternative approach to evaluate feminist programs; and…

This paper dealt with the use of classroom observation data for formative evaluation purposes, and with a research project in which scores based on observed performance of teachers in secondary school algebra and English classes were compared with efficiency scores based on an input-output model. The model, using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)…

This monograph addresses assessment of students entering two-year colleges. In her introduction to the monograph, Luene Corwin provides an overview of various assessment models in existence. Assessment systems currently in use are discussed in the following papers: "Assessment at Guilford Technical Community College," by Paula Garber;…

A general approach to environmental education evaluation and practical knowledge about the area of educational evaluation are offered in this teacher's guide. An introductory section explains both the use of the guide and use of a four step evaluation process. Practical aspects of evaluation are highlighted in six chapters through specific…

Using W. Brockriede's model of constructs, experience, and argument, this paper shows how teacher-student communication can be enhanced through the application of the principles of rhetoric. Following a brief introduction, the first part of the paper deals with the centrality of rhetoric to the education process, then discusses rhetoric as method.…

This paper describes the creation and implementation of a faculty development system at California State University at Chico which uses the "guided design" approach for teacher improvement. Following a discussion of previous faculty development efforts at Chico, a history of the guided design project is presented, and the sequence of…

This report discusses the particular problems in the education of black children, focusing on: (1) understanding the societal and psycho-cultural perspective of blacks; (2) providing for excellence in the education of blacks through a conceptual framework; (3) programs that made a difference in the performance of black students; (4) implementation…

A study was designed to develop a comprehensive approach to observing teaching in early childhood settings. A systematic method of observing developmentally appropriate and inappropriate behaviors was sought. The result was a comprehensive model based on Gordon's (1968) conceptualization of instruction. The model proposes that presage variables,…

Independent reading can serve as a practical context for linking vocabulary and comprehension and is a feasible strategy that complements other instructional approaches while it expands word knowledge in a naturalistic setting. Teachers should serve as reading models while students engage in silent reading, but teachers should also be cautious…

A social learning theory approach to counselor supervision is conceptualized as a teaching-learning situation, in which counseling is viewed as a specific, trainable set of skills. In light of this approach, a four quarter graduate counselor education program, focusing specifically on the training of social learning therapists, is proposed. The…

A group of American and Japanese psychologists, anthropologists, linguists, and computer scientists gathered at the University of California, San Diego, to exchange ideas on models of joint problem solving and their special relevance to the design and implementation of computer-based systems of instruction. Much of the discussion focused on…