Richard Wagner was probably the most influential musician of the 19th century. However, his image as an alleged intellectual-spiritual forerunner of national socialism through his music and prose works fosters aversion among critics. Whether Wagner's complicacy of art and ideology has had any lasting consequence on his reputation is discussed. (RM)

The views of the French political leader Marcel Deat are examined to determine whether he was a fascist by conviction or a fascist by the force of circumstances created by World War II. It is shown that by 1934 Deat had clearly adopted a stance best described as national socialist. (RM)

Through a series of events in German-controlled Alsace, e.g., a Prussian military commander insulted Alsatian civilians and the French flag, the fundamental question of civilian-military relations in both Alsace-Lorraine and Germany itself was brought to the fore. How the situation was handled is discussed. (RM)

Of all the frontier forces in the modern world, the French Foreign Legion is perhaps the most widely known and yet the least understood. The realities and mystique of the Legion from the time it was formed in 1831 to the present are discussed. (RM)

The economic difficulties of Great Britain in the post World War II world are discussed. Historical and cultural factors are examined. (RM)

Of all the Roman Catholic religious orders, none has proved more controversial than the Society of Jesus, founded in 1534. This article investigates how social changes in 19th century France affected enrollment figures and curricular choices during the critical period in the history of French Jesuit colleges. (RM)

The Belgium constitution is one of the oldest codified constitutions currently in effect. A remarkable stable constitution, it has been revised only three times. The revisions are discussed, with emphasis on the third revision aimed at resolving conflicts concerning ethnic and cultural divisions within the country. (RM)

Described is a Yalta simulation and other units in a course designed to have high school students think through, from the perspective of participants and historians, important decisions made by Americans during the past 39 years. The course will prepare students to make intelligent decisions about political and social questions. (RM)