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Xu Qin; Lijuan Wang – Grantee Submission, 2023
Research questions regarding how, for whom, and where a treatment achieves its effect on an outcome have become increasingly valued in substantive research. Such questions can be answered by causal moderated mediation analysis, which assesses the heterogeneity of the mediation mechanism underlying the treatment effect across individual and…
Descriptors: Causal Models, Mediation Theory, Computer Software, Statistical Analysis
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Levy, Roy – Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 2020
In this digital ITEMS module, Dr. Roy Levy describes Bayesian approaches to psychometric modeling. He discusses how Bayesian inference is a mechanism for reasoning in a probability-modeling framework and is well-suited to core problems in educational measurement: reasoning from student performances on an assessment to make inferences about their…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Psychometrics, Item Response Theory, Statistical Inference
Carpenter, Bob; Gelman, Andrew; Hoffman, Matthew D.; Lee, Daniel; Goodrich, Ben; Betancourt, Michael; Brubaker, Marcus A.; Guo, Jiqiang; Li, Peter; Riddell, Allen – Grantee Submission, 2017
Stan is a probabilistic programming language for specifying statistical models. A Stan program imperatively defines a log probability function over parameters conditioned on specified data and constants. As of version 2.14.0, Stan provides full Bayesian inference for continuous-variable models through Markov chain Monte Carlo methods such as the…
Descriptors: Programming Languages, Probability, Bayesian Statistics, Monte Carlo Methods
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Depaoli, Sarah; Clifton, James P.; Cobb, Patrice R. – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2016
A review of the software Just Another Gibbs Sampler (JAGS) is provided. We cover aspects related to history and development and the elements a user needs to know to get started with the program, including (a) definition of the data, (b) definition of the model, (c) compilation of the model, and (d) initialization of the model. An example using a…
Descriptors: Monte Carlo Methods, Markov Processes, Computer Software, Models
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Johnson, Timothy R. – Applied Psychological Measurement, 2013
One of the distinctions between classical test theory and item response theory is that the former focuses on sum scores and their relationship to true scores, whereas the latter concerns item responses and their relationship to latent scores. Although item response theory is often viewed as the richer of the two theories, sum scores are still…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Scores, Computation, Bayesian Statistics
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Harwell, Michael R. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1997
Results from two Monte Carlo studies in item response theory (comparisons of computer item analysis programs and Bayes estimation procedures) are analyzed with inferential methods to illustrate the procedures' strengths. It is recommended that researchers in item response theory use both descriptive and inferential methods to analyze Monte Carlo…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Comparative Analysis, Computer Software, Estimation (Mathematics)