Results revealed truces of the prediction that in a traditional classroom in which ability is heterogeneous, only girls of high ability have their achievement related motives strongly aroused, while moderate- and especially low-ability girls do not. (Author)

Examines the effects of reward contingency and positive performance feedback on subsequent intrinsic motivation for an enjoyable task. Subjects were 93 high school students. (CM)

A series of five experiments revealed a striking point-for-point correspondence between the effects of a reinforcer in escape conditioning and the effects of competition cessation in competitive performance. (Author/MP)

Investigates the effects of contingent rewards and noncontingent rewards on intrinsic motivation in female college students. (Author/SS)

Tests the hypotheses that persons who commit harmful acts do something altruistic after harm-doing because of guilt; and that persons who witness harm do something altruistic after witnessing harm to maintain their belief in a just world." (MB)

This study tests two differing hypotheses: the competing response hypothesis, which states that both reward and non-reward distractions produce decreases in interest which weaken over repeated trials, and the attribution/overjustification hypothesis, which maintains that rewards produce a decrease in interest that does not weaken over trials.…

Results of this field experiment supported the prediction that subjects in the expected-award condition would show less subsequent intrinsic interest in the target activity than subjects in either of the other two conditions (unexpected-award and no-award conditions). (Author/KM)

Suggests that a model of learned helplessness must give equal weight to motivational and cognitive components. Subjects were 102 female and 58 male college students in psychology classes. (MP)

The present investigation used 76 experienced varsity swimmers from three universities to test a conceptualization of affiliation motivation that parallels theoretical notions concerning achievement motivation. (Author/MP)

Three experiments examined children's use of equity and parity forms of justice in determining the allocation of rewards. Results suggest that children are highly motivated to follow rules of justice. (Author/KM)

Four levels of the behavior constraint-reinforcement variable were manipulated: attractive reward, unattractive reward, request to perform, and a no-reward control. Only the unattractive reward and request groups showed the performance decrements that suggest the overjustification effect. It is concluded that reinforcement does not cause the…

Tested attribution are driven by control motivation and that attributional activity increases following an experience with lack of control. Subjects were given high, low, or no helplessness training and tested for motivational variations. (Author/SS)

Focuses upon informational social comparison and examines the proposal that such comparison can be motivated by two quite different concerns: constructive process and validation process. Subjects were 77 freshmen. (MP)

Illustrates a general strategy for detecting motives that people wish to conceal. Subjects were college students. (MP)