Purpose: This study determines which aspects of the intended object of learning (planned by teachers during the first phase of a learning study) is made discernible from a learners' perspective. In a learning study, the intended, enacted, and lived object of learning are considered. This study focuses on the learning material used by teachers…

The primary aim of this study was to identify levels of fundamental movement skills (FMS) proficiency in primary school children. A secondary aim was to establish if these FMS proficiency levels differentiated between children born in different quartiles of the school year. The results demonstrated overall levels of FMS proficiency were low in…

Every educator needs a toolkit of strategies to ensure that students of different abilities, backgrounds, and learning profiles achieve success in the classroom. Rather than requiring busy educators to read copious amounts of research and theory first, "Practical Strategies for Managing a Diverse Classroom" flips the script, providing…

Background: The implementation of a quality daily physical activity program in school is influenced by a multitude of factors. Considering the characteristics and possible interactions of factors when choosing the study methods is likely to influence the interpretation of the results. Mixed methods approach, by collecting both quantitative and…

This article addresses how to design developmental games that connect knowledge about motor development with motor learning. As evidenced in the SHAPE America National Standards and Grade-level Outcomes for K-12 Physical Education, understanding children's phases and stages of motor development is essential to designing developmentally appropriate…

A mixed methods study was used to identify the effects of an online mastery-based learning resource on Teacher Candidates (TCs) in a Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) Program. Online modules assisted TCs with developing knowledge of critical elements and motor development stages (Gallahue, Ozmun, & Goodway, 2012) associated with 16…

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) refers to a delay in motor development that does not have any known medical cause. Studies conducted in English speaking societies have found that children with DCD display a higher co-occurrence rate of learning difficulties (e.g., problems in reading and writing) than typically developing (TD) children.…

Our research was oriented to test the effects of a structured program of cooperative learning in Physical Education classes with students in grades 5 and 6 of primary school, with and without previous experience with this methodology. In a second phase we sought to determine how students perceived the received classes for a time later. We analysed…

The NASPE standards for physical education programs stress that students should not only achieve competence in physical skills but also acquire and integrate the underlying concepts that can lead to effective movement. Physical educators can successfully embed these underlying concepts into the daily skill instruction and guided practice in their…

To improve balance skills of deaf students, teachers should first determine the student's present level of functioning, decide on developmentally appropriate activities, and then arrange activities so the child progresses sequentially. (CL)

Analysis of motor fitness test items revealed significant differences between 60 congenitally deaf and 60 hearing students (6-11 years old) on 10 of 11 variables, including agility, speed, balance, and power. Hearing students scored better than deaf students on six items while deaf students scored better on four. (CL)

An eight-year-old autistic boy improved his communication and behavior skills after three months in a treatment program using walking rails and focusing on body awareness activities designed to reduce autistic movements. (CL)

Nine mildly retarded children (6-11 years old) participated in a physical finess program with individualized goals. Results revealed a significant increase in walk/run distances covered daily and satisfaction with the program expressed by parents as well as participants. (CL)

Age, verbal intelligence, and scores on the Primary Mental Abilities Space Test correlated with various aspects of the understanding of the right-left concept. (Author/RB)

Seven suggestions for interesting, effective dance instruction in elementary school are presented: (1) don't call it dance; (2) begin gradually; (3) start with a cooperative class; (4) use props; (5) use vigorous movements; (6) avoid "dance to the music"; and (7) progress from movement to imagery. (MJB)