If texts are to promote ethnicity, they must (1) be free of excessive biases, (2) describe events and issues from various viewpoints, (3) reflect local, state, and national realities, and (4) present history that focuses on the interactions between established Americans and ethnic groups. (MJB)

The authors define three levels of content complexity in ethnic materials and present a sequence for incorporating complex ethnic content with an appropriate instructional strategy in order to elicit a higher level of cognitive functioning. (Author/SJL)

A study was conducted to assess the role of State departments of education in evaluating ethnic content of social studies material. The approach was to identify and assess instruments, such as guidelines and historical outlines, employed in the evaluation. The way States define ethnic content is criticized. (Author/GC)

Although the minority content of textbooks has increased and improved over time, its purpose and application are seldom discussed. Various approaches that promote multicultural principles, such as films, intergroup contact, curriculum innovation, multi-ethnic readers, and literature packages, are outlined in this review of the effective…

The problem of identifying good ethnic studies materials is a result of the large amount of materials produced in the 1960s and of the currently renewed interest in ethnic studies. Four types of materials are available to elementary classroom teachers: ethnic information, single-ethnic approaches, minority or European-ethnic approaches, and…