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Direct linkPaquet, Roseline G.; Levasseur, Catherine – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2019
Montreal, the largest city in the province of Quebec, Canada, is where most newcomers settle down. Many will attend one of the 'francization' (French as a second language) courses offered by the provincial government. Learning French and its adoption as a common language are essential conditions to gain social inclusion through participation in…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Multilingualism, French, Foreign Countries
Bale, Jeff; Kawaguchi, Mayo – Critical Inquiry in Language Studies, 2020
This paper examines the intersection of heritage-language education advocacy with anti-racist activism in the 1970s and 1980s in Toronto. The province of Ontario initiated the Heritage Languages Program in 1977. By focusing on discontinuities in the policy's implementation, the paper identifies multiple strategies that Black anti-racist activists…
Descriptors: Heritage Education, Educational Policy, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
