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Hale, Gordon A.; And Others – 1988
This study examined the relation of performance on the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) to a widely used variant of the cloze procedure, the multiple choice (MC) cloze method. Examinees taking an operational TOEFL (n=11,290) were given three basic sections of the test along with a section containing prepared MC cloze items, and…
Descriptors: Adults, Cloze Procedure, English (Second Language), Estimation (Mathematics)
Pike, Lewis W. – 1979
This evaluative and developmental study was undertaken between 1972-74 to determine the effectiveness of items used for the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) in relationship to other item types used in assessing English proficiency, and to recommend possible changes in TOEFL content and format. TOEFL was developed to assess the English…
Descriptors: Cloze Procedure, English (Second Language), Essay Tests, Foreign Students
Strong, Gregory – Thought Currents in English Literature, 1995
This paper traces developments in educational psychology and measurement that led to the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and the test of English for International Communication (TOEIC) and the application of educational measurement terms such as validity and reliability to testing. Use of a table of specifications for planning…
Descriptors: Cloze Procedure, Difficulty Level, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries