The Leadership Attitudes and Beliefs Scale was studied in 65 males and 111 females between 19 and 22 years old. Results supported the convergent and discriminantive validity of the Systemic Thinking scale and the divergent and discriminantive validity of the Hierarchical Thinking scale. (Contains 61 references and 2 tables.) (GCP)

The multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) design of D. T. Campbell and D. W. Fiske (1959) is the most widely used paradigm for testing construct validity, but it continues to be plagued by problems associated with definition of terms, operationalizations of their guidelines, and analytic procedures used to test them. Using five diverse MTMM data sets,…

The No Child Left Behind Act has brought great attention to the high school graduation rate as one of the mandatory accountability measures for public school systems. However, there is no consensus on how to calculate the high school graduation rate given the lack of longitudinal databases that track individual students. This study reviews…