Investigates the effects of race and gender on evaluations of musical performances by musician educators. Also addresses the impact of the gender stereotype of particular instruments on evaluations. Finds that instrument stereotypes influence evaluations, particularly for female students playing "male" instruments, and that blacks were…

Develops previous research by examining the roles of parent and teacher in the biographies of young music students. Confirms earlier findings that support by both parent and teacher motivates initial music learning and adds that over time motivation becomes intrinsic and self-sustaining. Examines the implications for music education. (DSK)

Compares the quality of music education in a sample of primary and secondary schools in England during the academic year of 1993-94. Finds that lessons given in primary schools matched the needs of learners and were adjusted by teachers according to student responses. Concludes that primary schools' quality of teaching was higher. (CMK)