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| Educational Measurement:… | 1 |
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| Drahozal, Edward C. | 3 |
| Frisbie, David A. | 1 |
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Drahozal, Edward C. – 1981
This paper is divided into two parts. The purpose of Part I is the review of some of the history of school average norms, beginning with Dr. E. F. Lindquist's call for such norms in 1948; the development of such norms for standardized achievement tests; current policies and practices regarding aggregated school data; and a presentation of norms…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Educational Practices, Elementary Secondary Education, Local Norms
Peer reviewedDrahozal, Edward C.; Frisbie, David A. – Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 1988
Representatives of the Riverside Publishing Company discuss the "Lake Wobegon Phenomenon," the reported "above average" achievement of most elementary schools nationwide that was discussed by J. J. Cannell (1988) of the Friends for Education. More appropriate use of normative comparisons and more complete reporting of test…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Elementary Education, National Norms, National Surveys
Drahozal, Edward C. – 1988
The purposes of this study were to compare student, school, and group average distributions of two standardized tests, the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills (ITBS) and Stanford 7 Plus Achievement Test, and examine the American College Testing Programs college entrance examinations (Grades 11-12). In addition to the student-school norm comparisons, ratios…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, College Entrance Examinations, Educational Planning, Elementary Education
