The present study is aim to how bilingual children used another language as well as their mother tongue was explained on the basis of Bernstein's code theory. For this purpose, spontaneously bilingual children were examined in their natural environment and explained according to the Berstein's code theory. It also emphasized the importance of…

Background: There is growing international awareness of the dividends of early reading success and the consequences of early reading failure. Many studies have shown that the educational achievement of South African learners is unacceptably poor. There are shortcomings in the curriculum for English home language (EHL) which could be the reason for…

This article investigates the effects of long-term bilingualism on the production of filled pauses (FPs; e.g., "uh," "um," "eh," "em") in the speech of Afrikaans-Spanish bilinguals from Patagonia, Argentina. The instrumental analysis draws from a corpus of sociolinguistic interviews obtained from three…

The purpose of this research is to analyse reading fluency and comprehension skills of different mother tongue of primary school students in the 4th grade. The effects of variables such as mother tongue and gender were examined in reading fluency and comprehension skills of different primary school students whose mother tongue is different. The…

It's time for educators to ditch deficit-based thinking and instead focus on the strengths of immigrant students, writes Jessica Lander. Here, she provides several concrete strategies teachers and schools can use to honor immigrant students' assets, while still providing rigorous English language instruction. For example, teachers can set high…

This brief report provides an analysis of 114 research articles across 27 issues published in the "Journal of Language, Identity, and Education" (JLIE) between 2015 and 2019 (Volumes 14-18). Analyses include word frequencies across titles, keywords, and abstracts; degree of integration of language, identity, and education in the…

This article explores how university students in China perceive the teaching of principles of management using English-medium instruction (EMI). Using a survey and interviews after students' completion of the course, the study yields certain findings. First, case studies should be integrated into the course design. The CCTT (contextual, current,…

There is considerable controversy over the factors that shape infants' developing knowledge of grammar. Work with artificial languages suggests that infants' ability to track statistical regularities within the speech they hear could, in principle, support grammatical development. However, little work has tested whether infants' performance on…

This study explores the conceptual system of adult Korean learners of English with three different levels of exposure to a second language (L2) cultural background. Assuming that different exposure to an L2 socio-cultural backgrounds plays a significant role in modifying a learner's conceptual system that operates both an L1 as well as an L2…

Items in the mental lexicon have three storage and processing strata, the concept, lemma, and lexeme, which equate to semantic, syntactic and phonological information. Lexical items relate to each other at each stratum. Bilingual lexicons, which contain items from all languages, may contain cognates, items sharing concepts and with overlapping…

The aim of the research is to relate the middle school students' literacy skills to their basic language skills. The study was designed as an action research. The participants of the study are middle school students. The data collection tool consists of semi-structured interview form, semi-structured observation form, log form and activity files.…

Whereas Standard Dutch only distinguishes between two adnominal grammatical genders, substandard varieties of Belgian Dutch distinguish between three such genders. German, too, distinguishes between three genders. Nevertheless, when assigning gender to German nouns with Dutch cognates, speakers of Belgian Dutch are strongly influenced by Standard…

This study presents the first multifactorial corpus-based analysis of verb-particle constructions in a data sample comprising spoken and written productions by intermediate-level learners of English as a second language from 17 language backgrounds. We annotated 4,911 attestations retrieved from native speaker and language learner corpora for 14…

This study presents a quantitative analysis of pre-emptive strategies used by first language speakers in talk addressed to second language speakers with moderate proficiency. The strategies identified in the conversations are reformulation, simplification, left-dislocation, and decomposition. The data come from simulated emergency calls in which…

This dissertation examines investment in language learning, especially how that investment looks over the entirety of a learner's target language-related journey. It investigates investment, in terms of positive and negative relationships and experiences, both at one point in time and over time, as well as how investment may be linked to a measure…