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Lynette Hazelton; Jessica Nastal; Norbert Elliot; Jill Burstein; Daniel F. McCaffrey – Journal of Response to Writing, 2021
In writing studies research, automated writing evaluation technology is typically examined for a specific, often narrow purpose: to evaluate a particular writing improvement measure, to mine data for changes in writing performance, or to demonstrate the effectiveness of a single technology and accompanying validity arguments. This article adopts a…
Descriptors: Formative Evaluation, Writing Evaluation, Automation, Natural Language Processing
Lynette Hazelton; Jessica Nastal; Norbert Elliot; Jill Burstein; Daniel F. McCaffrey – Grantee Submission, 2021
In writing studies research, automated writing evaluation technology is typically examined for a specific, often narrow purpose: to evaluate a particular writing improvement measure, to mine data for changes in writing performance, or to demonstrate the effectiveness of a single technology and accompanying validity arguments. This article adopts a…
Descriptors: Formative Evaluation, Writing Evaluation, Automation, Natural Language Processing
Deane, Paul; Lawless, René R.; Li, Chen; Sabatini, John; Bejar, Isaac I.; O'Reilly, Tenaha – ETS Research Report Series, 2014
We expect that word knowledge accumulates gradually. This article draws on earlier approaches to assessing depth, but focuses on one dimension: richness of semantic knowledge. We present results from a study in which three distinct item types were developed at three levels of depth: knowledge of common usage patterns, knowledge of broad topical…
Descriptors: Vocabulary, Test Items, Language Tests, Semantics