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Wisler, Alan; Teplansky, Kristin; Heitzman, Daragh; Wang, Jun – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2021
Purpose: Kinematic measurements of speech have demonstrated some success in automatic detection of early symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In this study, we examined how the region of symptom onset (bulbar vs. spinal) affects the ability of data-driven models to detect ALS. Method: We used a correlation structure of articulatory…
Descriptors: Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Neurological Impairments, Articulation (Speech), Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Wong, Wing Sze Winsy; Law, Sam Po – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2022
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between nonverbal cognitive functions and language processing of people with aphasia (PWA) by taking a data-driven approach, as well as multiple cognitive components and multilevel linguistic perspectives. It is hypothesized that language performance is differentially associated with…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Correlation, Attention Control, Short Term Memory
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Dichter, Gabriel S.; Richey, J. Anthony; Rittenberg, Alison M.; Sabatino, Antoinette; Bodfish, James W. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
The aim of this study was to investigate reward circuitry responses in autism during reward anticipation and outcomes for monetary and social rewards. During monetary anticipation, participants with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) showed hypoactivation in right nucleus accumbens and hyperactivation in right hippocampus, whereas during monetary…
Descriptors: Autism, Rewards, Neurological Impairments, Responses
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Ptak, Radek; Di Pietro, Marie; Schnider, Armin – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Neglect dyslexia--a peripheral reading disorder generally associated with left spatial neglect--is characterized by omissions or substitutions of the initial letters of words. Several observations suggest that neglect dyslexia errors are independent of viewer-centered coordinates; the disorder is therefore thought to reflect impairment at the…
Descriptors: Beginning Reading, Dyslexia, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Correlation
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Miller, Meghan; Loya, Fred; Hinshaw, Stephen P. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: We prospectively followed an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (n = 140) and a matched comparison sample (n = 88) from childhood through young adulthood to evaluate developmental trajectories of executive functions (EF) and associations between EF trajectories…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Females, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Comparative Analysis
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Northam, Gemma B.; Liegeois, Frederique; Tournier, Jacques-Donald; Croft, Louise J.; Johns, Paul N.; Chong, Wui K.; Wyatt, John S.; Baldeweg, Torsten – Brain, 2012
Although language difficulties are common in children born prematurely, robust neuroanatomical correlates of these impairments remain to be established. This study investigated whether the greater prevalence of language problems in preterm (versus term-born) children might reflect injury to major intra- or interhemispheric white matter pathways…
Descriptors: Injuries, Evidence, Brain, Neurological Impairments
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Guzzetta, Francesco; Conti, Guido; Mercuri, Eugenio – Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 2011
Increasing attention has been devoted to the maturation of sensory processing in the first year of life. While the development of cortical visual function has been thoroughly studied, much less information is available on auditory processing and its early disorders. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the assessment techniques for…
Descriptors: Auditory Perception, Cognitive Development, Predictor Variables, Language Skills
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Lee, Byung Hwa; Suh, Mee Kyung; Kim, Eun-Joo; Seo, Sang Won; Choi, Kyung Mook; Kim, Gyeong-Moon; Chung, Chin-Sang; Heilman, Kenneth M.; Na, Duk L. – Neuropsychologia, 2009
Patients with right hemisphere injury often omit or misread words on the left side of a page or the beginning letters of single words (neglect dyslexia). Our study involving a large sample of acute right hemisphere stroke investigated (1) the frequency of neglect dyslexia (ND), (2) the association between ND and other types of contralesional…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Dyslexia, Patients, Severity (of Disability)
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Williams-Gray, Caroline H.; Evans, Jonathan R.; Goris, An; Foltynie, Thomas; Ban, Maria; Robbins, Trevor W.; Brayne, Carol; Kolachana, Bhaskar S.; Weinberger, Daniel R.; Sawcer, Stephen J.; Barker, Roger A. – Brain, 2009
Cognitive abnormalities are common in Parkinson's disease, with important social and economic implications. Factors influencing their evolution remain unclear but are crucial to the development of targeted therapeutic strategies. We have investigated the development of cognitive impairment and dementia in Parkinson's disease using a longitudinal…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Dementia, Diseases, At Risk Persons
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Stewart, Christopher C.; Griffith, H. Randall; Okonkwo, Ozioma C.; Martin, Roy C.; Knowlton, Robert K.; Richardson, Elizabeth J.; Hermann, Bruce P.; Seidenberg, Michael – Brain and Cognition, 2009
Recent theories have posited that the hippocampus and thalamus serve distinct, yet related, roles in episodic memory. Whereas the hippocampus has been implicated in long-term memory encoding and storage, the thalamus, as a whole, has been implicated in the selection of items for subsequent encoding and the use of retrieval strategies. However,…
Descriptors: Epilepsy, Injuries, Patients, Rote Learning
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Dubois, J.; Benders, M.; Borradori-Tolsa, C.; Cachia, A.; Lazeyras, F.; Leuchter, R. Ha-Vinh; Sizonenko, S. V.; Warfield, S. K.; Mangin, J. F.; Huppi, P. S. – Brain, 2008
In the human brain, the morphology of cortical gyri and sulci is complex and variable among individuals, and it may reflect pathological functioning with specific abnormalities observed in certain developmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. Since cortical folding occurs early during brain development, these structural abnormalities might be…
Descriptors: Twins, Neonates, Brain, Infants
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Oosterman, Joukje M.; Vogels, Raymond L. C.; van Harten, Barbera; Gouw, Alida A.; Scheltens, Philip; Poggesi, Anna; Weinstein, Henry C.; Scherder, Erik J. A. – Brain and Cognition, 2008
Various studies support an association between white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and deficits in executive function in nondemented ageing. Studies examining executive functions and WMH have generally adopted executive function as a phrase including various functions such as flexibility, inhibition, and working memory. However, these functions…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Inhibition, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes
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Noble, Kimberly G.; Norman, M. Frank; Farah, Martha J. – Developmental Science, 2005
Socioeconomic status (SES) is strongly associated with cognitive ability and achievement during childhood and beyond. Little is known about the developmental relationships between SES and specific brain systems or their associated cognitive functions. In this study we assessed neurocognitive functioning of kindergarteners from different…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Young Children, Kindergarten, Cognitive Processes