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Salmi, Hannu S.; Thuneberg, Helena; Bogner, Franz X. – Interactive Learning Environments, 2023
Learning intervention based on a "Mars and Space" exhibition was designed according to STEAM-education (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Mathematics) principles and practices in order to bridge the gap between formal and informal learning. The cognitive learning of 12-year-old students in Finland ("N" = 306) showed a…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Foreign Countries, STEM Education, Art Education
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Scharfenberg, Franz-Josef; Bogner, Franz X. – International Journal of Science Education, 2010
Our research objective focused on monitoring students' mental effort and cognitive achievement to unveil potential effects of an instructional change in an out-of-school laboratory offering gene technology modules. Altogether, 231 students (12th graders) attended our day-long hands-on module. Within a quasi-experimental design, a treatment group…
Descriptors: Instructional Effectiveness, Efficiency, Difficulty Level, Cognitive Processes