Research supported by grants HD-01888 and HD-01136 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and grant No. GS-541 from the National Science Foundation.

Sociolinguistic data regarding code selection and nonverbal modes of learning are examined in the gesture communication system of the (Oglala and Brule) Sioux. Sign language is viewed as an extra-linguistic mode of communication currently in use in Indian classrooms. It is one alternative to literacy as a means of communication; however, this is…

Human recognition behavior is influenced by the phenomenon of shape constancy, which occurs when the shape of an object is correctly perceived regardless of the orientation of the object in space. The research reported here tests the validity of the shape-slant invariance hypothesis, a theoretical formulation of the phenomenon of shape constancy.…

Study basically supports the Russian theory of the second signal system and its regulatory control of conscious behavior. (Author)

THIS IS A STUDY OF AUTOINSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMING IN WHICH THE LINEAR FORMAT REQUIRES SYMBOLIC, NONVERBAL RESPONSES. THE NONVERBAL RESPONSES ARE A SEQUENCE OF TASKS. THE NONVERBAL MATERIAL CONSISTED OF GRAPHIC AND SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATIONS OF VECTORS. SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES IN LEARNING BETWEEN GROUPS USING VERBAL AND NONVERBAL PRESENTATIONS OF…

The solo activity of watching television makes children function as passive receivers of ideas rather than creators; the teacher should counter this by encouraging team play and active involvement in group situations so that the child's ability to understand and communicate with others and to make value judgments is developed. (JD)

Results showed that kindergarten children remember best under conditions in which both verbal and nonverbal stimulus cues are available. (Author)

Beginning with the observation that sex differences affecting the learning process have largely been ignored in our schools, this dissertation reviews literature on the differences in learning characteristics of boys and girls and proposes a proprioceptor stimulation or multisensory approach of teaching. The author maintains that kinesthetic…

Previous experiments with nursery school children have suggested that (1) subjects of preschool age do not verbalize during transfer learning or that (2) for these subjects, self-produced verbal cues have little influence on the learning process. To investigate the relative merits of these alternative positions, research was conducted among 80…

One hundred twenty-eight preschool boys were subjects in a 4x2x2 factorial design to investigate the change in reinforcer efficacy as a function of prior stimulus exposure. The factors were: (1) amount of repetition, 5, 25, 45, or 65; (2) reinforcer, good or bell; and (3) satiator, good or bell. Two additional groups were run as control groups to…

Using a conformity research methodology, the authors investigated the questions of whether (a) the Asch-type conformity setting produces greater yielding than variant settings where subjects are screened from one another and (b) the nonverbal element of contradictory or inconsistent nonverbal communications significantly alters response to the…

A research proposal to study the effect of multisensory teaching methods in first-grade reading is presented. The focus is on sex differences in learning and in multisensory approaches to teaching. The project will involve 10 experimental and 10 control first-grade classes in several Southern California schools. Both groups will be given IQ,…

The effects of prompting and confirmation on automated presentation of materials in discrimination learning were studied. Eight pairs of words or pictures were presented to 48 mentally retarded subjects (mean IQ 63, mean chronological age 163.4 months, mean mental age 103.3 months). Each subject's correct responses advanced the program and, in the…

Three experiments tested whether qualitative differences in processing of verbal materials result from congenital hearing impairment. Subjects were children with reading levels equivalent to grades 4 to 6. Experiment 1 used repeated measurements with two modes of response and two kinds of cues; experiment 2 used acoustic similarity to produce…