This study was designed to test the effects of a sequence of 12 lessons on the ability of kindergarten and first-grade children to recognize and conserve numerousness. Two pretests were administered to the children in each grade level, the Lorge-Thorndike Intelligence Test (nonverbal) and a test of numerousness. One post-test, the test of…

ACCORDING TO PIAGET, THE CONCEPT OF CONSERVATION IS A PREREQUISITE TO MATHEMATICAL UNDERSTANDING. THIS STUDY SOUGHT TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE ABILITY OF FIRST GRADE CHILDREN TO SOLVE ADDITION PROBLEMS WAS DEPENDENT ON THEIR MASTERY OF CONSERVATION OF NUMEROUSNESS. SECONDARY PURPOSES WERE TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECT IN PROBLEM STATEMENTS OF (1)…

Six tests were constructed, four on a pictorial level and two on a symbolic level, to measure the performance of fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade children, in three different ability groups, on problems concerning ratios or fractions. Two variables were of interest in the four tests on a pictorial level: (a) "equal" ratio situations vs.…

MIDDLE-CLASS, FIRST-GRADE STUDENTS (100) WERE TESTED INDIVIDUALLY ON 4 ITEMS OF CONCEPT OF ADDITION AND CONSERVATION OF NUMBER. THE TEST ITEMS WERE IDENTICAL EXCEPT FOR THE NUMBER OF OBJECTS INVOLVED. FOR EACH ITEM, TWO PILES OF CANDY WERE PLACED BEFORE EACH CHILD AND THEN MOVED TOGETHER. THE STUDY SHOWED NO MAJOR DIFFERENCE IN THE MEAN…