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Pittalis, Marios; Pitta-Pantazi, Demetra; Christou, Constantinos – Mathematical Thinking and Learning: An International Journal, 2018
The aim of this study was to propose a new conceptualization of early number sense. Six-year-old students' (n = 204) number sense was tracked from the beginning of Grade 1 through the beginning of Grade 2. Data analysis suggested that elementary arithmetic, conventional arithmetic, and algebraic arithmetic contributed to the latent construct early…
Descriptors: Numbers, Arithmetic, Algebra, Elementary School Students
Schulz, Andreas – Mathematical Thinking and Learning: An International Journal, 2018
Theoretical analysis of whole number-based calculation strategies and digit-based algorithms for multi-digit multiplication and division reveals that strategy use includes two kinds of reasoning: reasoning about the relations between numbers and reasoning about the relations between operations. In contrast, algorithms aim to reduce the necessary…
Descriptors: Computation, Mathematics Instruction, Multiplication, Arithmetic
Purpura, David J.; Lonigan, Christopher J. – American Educational Research Journal, 2013
Validating the structure of informal numeracy skills is critical to understanding the developmental trajectories of mathematics skills at early ages; however, little research has been devoted to construct evaluation of the Numbering, Relations, and Arithmetic Operations domains. This study was designed to address this knowledge gap by examining…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Numeracy, Mathematics Skills, Training Methods
Tal, Joseph – 1987
An experimental test battery (the Johnson O'Connor Research Foundation battery) designed to measure numerical facility was administered to 1,451 subjects at 12 testing centers across the United States over a 5-month period. Five work samples were included: (1) arithmetic; (2) counting backwards; (3) number reasoning; (4) rule learning; and (5)…
Descriptors: Aptitude Tests, Arithmetic, Computation, Factor Analysis
Northrop, Lois C. – 1977
The factor-analytic history of the isolation and identification of the cognitive ability construct known as Number or Numerical Facility is described. Empirical documentation from the psychometric literature is discussed, and examples of items from a variety of tests which have defined and been associated with the Number factor are included to…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Measurement, Factor Analysis