This research brief is one of a series of six briefs, which provide an overview of available evidence shown in the Campbell-UNICEF Mega-Map of the effectiveness of interventions to improve child well-being in low- and middle-income countries. Five of these briefs summarize evidence as mapped against the five goal areas of UNICEF's 2018-2021…

In response to the global debt crisis, international lenders have pressured Third World debtor nations to implement "structural adjustments." Analysis of data from the United Nations, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund suggest that externally imposed austerity measures have adversely affected children's survival and…

This special UNICEF report documents the range of problems behind the decline of living standards in Africa and describes the practical steps which are being taken to confront the crisis. Discussed are (1) increasing implementation of immunization programs and progress in promoting oral rehydration therapy; (2) the impact on child survival and…

Expanding on information provided in a softcover report of the same title, this hardcover edition contains additional chapters and presents a more complete picture of the revolution in child survival that UNICEF now believes to be possible. Part I, the annual message from the executive director of UNICEF, summarizes worldwide reaction to…

As a contribution to the World Summit for Social Development, this UNICEF report argues that protecting and investing in children must be seen as integral to economic and social development and discusses the progress made to that end following the 1990 World Summit for Children. Chapter 1 discusses the effect of continued economic and social…

Synthesizing the experience of UNICEF's own work in over 100 countries as well as the views of leading international specialists, this report suggests that recent scientific and social breakthroughs have put into our hands the means to bring about a revolution in the health and well-being of children in the developing world. The first part of the…

This report documents the progress made in developing and developed nations to improve health, nutrition, education, family planning, and the condition of women over the last 40 years. It presents tables that rank the world's nations and regions on: (1) the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age; (2) the percent of children under 5 years…

This report describes the health status of children and adults in developed and developing countries. Worldwide, life expectancy at birth rose from 47 to 67 years between the 1950s and late 1980s. However, more than 300 million people live in countries where life expectancy is below 50 years of age and 1 of every 10 newborns dies before age 1. In…

This report maintains that it is just as unacceptable to allow millions of children to die each year from needless infection and malnutrition as it is to let them die in sudden emergencies of drought and famine. The world now has the means to attack childhood malnutrition and disease on a massive scale and at an affordable cost. Four million…

This special issue of "The State of the World's Children" marks the 50th anniversary year of UNICEF and its work on behalf of children. Chapter 1 examines how wars and civil conflicts are taking an enormous toll on children. The chapter outlines a proposed anti-war agenda as a vital step to prevent and alleviate the suffering of children…

This special UNICEF report documents how an alliance of social resources--teachers, organizations, agencies--is beginning to help provide parents throughout the world with health knowledge that will benefit their children. Discussed are: (1) low-cost methods of protecting children's lives and growth which now prevent 2 million child deaths per…

This report describes efforts made during 1990 by UNICEF and other organizations on behalf of the world's children. Nations attending the World Summit for Children in September committed themselves to achieving objectives to enhance the development of children by the year 2000. Efforts to benefit children in 1990 included programs dealing with…

This report on the well-being of the world's children focuses on the issue of child labor and its impact on children's lives. Chapter 1 provides a historical context for children's rights and highlights the need to guarantee the civil, social, economic, and political rights of children. The chapter shows how the world's course toward peace,…

This report details the status of the world's children, focusing on the issue of child labor and its impact on the well being of the world's children. Section 1 of the report discusses the Convention on the Rights of the Child and international recognition that children require special attention and that they should have the same spectrum of…

This eight-part sourcebook provides background information, data, and references relating to child welfare issues throughout the world. The book is organized around a set of goals for children in the 1990s. An introductory section provides an overview of these goals and strategies for achieving them, and discusses infant and child mortality,…