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Crane, Lauren Shapiro; Fernald, Anne – Discourse Processes: A multidisciplinary journal, 2017
This study investigated whether European American and Japanese mothers' speech to preschoolers contained exchange- and alignment-oriented structures that reflect and possibly support culture-specific models of self-other relatedness. In each country 12 mothers were observed in free play with their 3-year-olds. Maternal speech was coded for…
Descriptors: Parent Child Relationship, Asians, North Americans, Cross Cultural Studies
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Asari, Yoko – Journal of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics, 2012
This study examines the relationship between recasts and learners' repair, taking into account 1) learners' proficiency level and 2) timing of recasts. 543 recast episodes were detected from 17 beginning, 16 intermediate, and 17 advanced learners. While beginning learners were not able to repair if the intervening words between the learners' error…
Descriptors: Maintenance, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Correlation