Argues that the provision of the same fringe benefits for all workers promotes labor market segmentation by inducing workers to sort themselves across the economy according to their demand for fringe benefits. (JOW)

Describes the community-wide effects on employment, earnings, and labor mobility of the severe employment declines that occurred in Buffalo, New York, and Providence, Rhode Island, in the 1960s. Discusses policy implications. (JOW)

National Longitudinal Survey of Youth data from 1979-92 revealed only modest evidence linking early job stability to better labor market outcomes. Those outcomes for adults in their late 20s to mid-30s appeared unrelated to early labor market experiences. The data did not support "job churning." (SK)

Analysis of 1910, 1940, and 1980 censuses and General Social Surveys reveals that skill differentials introduced by the influx of dissimilar immigrant groups (1885-1910) have narrowed but may take four generations to disappear. Economic mobility of U.S.-born blacks resembles that of white ethnic immigrant groups of the turn of the century. (SK)

Analysis of 1979-81 data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Young Men (2,165 subjects) confirms the hypothesis that workers who quit and become unemployed experience larger wage gains when reemployed than those who move directly to another job. Unemployed movers apparently receive wage gains to compensate for higher job search and mobility…

This paper presents an empirical analysis of earnings differentials among male Hispanic immigrants in the United States. The principal finding of the study is that there are major differences in the rate of economic mobility of the various Hispanic groups. (Author/CT)

The prospect of a job change for any reason creates a disincentive for a worker to invest in training that is specific to the current job, and therefore those who change jobs frequently may earn less over their life cycle than those who, other things equal, seldom change jobs. (Author/CT)

Work-history data in Britain from 1915 to 1990 showed that British women and men held an average of five jobs over a lifetime; half of all job changes occurred in the first 10 working years; more recent cohorts had more job instability; instability was greater among the lowest occupational classification and among men more than women. (SK)

The training literature assumes that formal training is concentrated at the beginning of employment. Examination of the relationship between tenure and the probability of receiving training found that a substantial amount takes place later and therefore may be given to workers less likely to change jobs. (SK)

A study examined the extent to which racial differences in occupational advancement can be attributed to differences in formal education and training, or to structural factors representing market segmentation, concluding that advancement of blacks is increased by increased education. (HD)

The male-female differential in unemployment is attributed to three major factors. They are frictional unemployment, cyclical layoff often connected with lack of specific training, and occupational and geographic immobility. Women receive less specific training then men; however, the net effect of this lack on female unemployment is quite small.…

Analysis of economywide data found that, between 1965 and 1981, black women's occupational mobility rose relative to that of white women by 20 percent and white men by 24 percent . The pattern was thought to reflect the effects of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and affirmative action laws. (SK)