This study examined the relationship of two climate constructs in academic optimism and organizational climate as each relates to school effectiveness. Academic optimism is an academic environment comprised of three dimensions: academic emphasis, collective efficacy, and faculty trust (Hoy, Tarter, & Hoy, 2006). The Organizational Climate…

This study examined three inner-city public elementary school principals whose schools had most significantly improved across a 2-year period as measured by a district-wide index of performance, investigating their perceptions of organizational constraint and their resulting practices. The performance index was obtained using students' SAT-9…