Some Japanese cultural characteristics that foster creativity, giftedness, and achievement are examined: and based on these, eight specific suggestions are offered that might be useful in solving some of America's national problems of underachievement, particularly among gifted and talented children. (DLS)

This paper sets out to give some empirical findings on the distributions of over- and under-achievement in reading in order to order to provide a factual base from which conceptual arguments may start. (Author)

A modified mastery system was developed to provide a mechanism by which a student's willingness to expend needed effort could be assessed. It was possible to demonstrate that the effort variables accounted for differences in student achievement beyond the impact of differences in student aptitude. (Author/PN)

In Fall 1963, to find which reasons for attending college are related to over- and underachievement, entering freshmen at Casper College were given a Card Sort of Reasons. It listed 36 statements, to be rated on a 1-8 scale of importance. Overachievers, predicted achievers, and underachievers were determined by a multiple regression equation…

THE QUESTION AS TO WHETHER OR NOT THE EMOTIONAL ASPECTS OF TEST INTERPRETATION MAKE IT INAPPROPRIATE FOR PROGRAMED METHODS WAS EXAMINED BY TWO METHODS OF TEST RESULT COMMUNICATION--PROGRAMED MATERIALS AND VERBAL COMMUNICATION BY A COUNSELOR. DEPENDENT VARIABLES WERE MEASURES OF EMOTIONAL AROUSAL RECORDED BY SKIN CONDUCTANCE UNITS AND THE GAIN IN…

THE RELATIONSHIP OF CERTAIN VARIABLES WITH THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF PUPILS OF SUPERIOR INTELLECTUAL ABILITY WAS PRESENTED. THE HYPOTHESIS USED WAS THAT HIGH ACHIEVING ACADEMICALLY GIFTED PUPILS COMPARED TO LOW ACHIEVING ACADEMICALLY GIFTED PUPILS RECEIVED THE BENEFIT OF MORE FAVORABLE PARENTAL ATTITUDES. THE PUPILS PERCEIVED THEMSELVES AS MORE…

This paper argues that examinations have a complex role in creating and defining gender differences in performance in public examinations. To illustrate this argument three aspects of examining are reviewed: styles of examinations and how they define achievement; coursework and the role it plays in contributing to gender differences in…

This study explored the differential performances of mathematics test items used to test secondary school girls and boys in the national examination. The main purpose was to find out whether type of items is the reason for girls' overachievement in the Malaysian mathematics national examination. To investigate seven types of items, Differential…

There are a number of apparent similarities between dropouts and academic achievers: both groups have been described as alienated and impulsive, and both can be difficult counselees because they reject some traditional values. This investigation focused on the behaviors and attitudes of a group of 23 male college sophomores who were academic…

Fourth-grade students were administered the Estes Attitude Scale to measure attitudes towards core academic subjects. When results were compared with test results of actual school performance, it was found that both extreme overachievers and underachievers had poorer attitudes toward core subjects than had other more accurately predicted…

Summarizes an intensive survey of current research undertaken in an attempt to identify cognitive factors related to discrepant achievement of economically deprived black and white rural first graders--i.e. students whose achievement was at a level unpredicted by diagnostic testing. (JM)

Examines specific learning problems and points out additional problems when a student is an overachiever in one area and an underachiever in another. (JOW)

This study confirmed the hypothesis that the Junior Index of Motivation Scale successfully differentiates between college bound and noncollege bound junior high school students. (RC)

Reports on a comparison of the performances of over-achievers, achievers, and under-achievers in mathematics on measures of general anxiety, test anxiety, and mathematics anxiety. The results confirm the hypothesis that the measure of mathematics-specific anxiety differentiates the under-achieving group from the other two groups more strongly than…

Richards, Gaver, and Golicz (1984) found that, in contrast to peers whose grades were accurately predicted from performance on aptitude tests, both extremely underachieving and extremely overachieving fourth-graders had negative academic attitudes. The present study aimed to replicate and extend these findings. Subjects in the replication study…