Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to explore nonlinguistic learning ability in individuals with aphasia, examining the impact of stimulus typicality and feedback on success with learning. Method: Eighteen individuals with aphasia and 8 nonaphasic controls participated in this study. All participants completed 4 computerized,…

One of the foundational principles of human memory is that repetition (i.e., being presented with a stimulus multiple times) improves recall. In the current study a group of participants who studied a list of cue-target pairs twice recalled fewer targets than a group who studied the pairs only once, a negative repetition effect. Such a…

Paired associates learning is impaired in both schizophrenia and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), which may reflect hippocampal pathology. In addition, schizophrenia is characterized by the dysfunction of the retino-geniculo-striatal magnocellular (M) visual pathway. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction between…

Research has demonstrated that people with significant intellectual, developmental, and physical disabilities can indicate clear preferences through methodologically rigorous assessments. Once preferred items have been identified, they can be used to reinforce new behaviors, which can assist in the development of a meaningful learning experience.…

Behavioral evidence concerning memory in forms of high-functioning autism (HFA) and in moderately low-functioning autism (M-LFA) is reviewed and compared. Findings on M-LFA are sparse. However, it is provisionally concluded that memory profiles in HFA and M-LFA (relative to ability-matched controls) are similar but that declarative memory…

In this article, the authors present and test a formal model that holds that people use information about category boundaries in estimating inexactly represented stimuli. Boundaries restrict stimuli that are category members to fall within a particular range. This model posits that people increase the average accuracy of stimulus estimates by…

One-hundred and forty-four retarded persons, at two MA levels (11 and 6.5 years) were exposed to a list of paired-associates in which the stimulus terms were picture compounds of one animate and one inanimate object. (Author)

Two procedures were investigated in an attempt to decrease the variability of overlearning response latencies in a study-test paradigm, paired-associate task matching CVC's with response keys: (1) self-pacing the task by presenting test trial stimuli whenever the subject pressed a "home" key; and (2) instructing and shaping subjects to keep home…

The purpose of this research project was to evaluate the effects of prompts and cues in paired-associate learning. Experiment One was to investigate the effects of cues and prompting on the learning of Japanese vocabulary. Experiment Two duplicated the above using digit-nonsense syllable combinations as the paired associates. The next three…