Parenting attitudes have changed over the ages. This thesis examines past and current viewpoints toward parenting. The independent variables analyzed here include parents' gender, age, marital status, number of children, and children's ages. Dependent variables were taken from scores on four subscales of the Parental Attitudes toward Child Rearing…

The cultural values of Hmong parents in the Hmong community of Spokane (Washington) are described and interpreted. The perceptions of Hmong refugee mothers and fathers resettled in the United States are examined with regard to the family and their roles as parents. The cultural values of the Laotian Hmong are also examined prior to and during the…