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Hartstra, E.; Oldenburg, J. F. E.; Van Leijenhorst, L.; Rombouts, S. A. R. B.; Crone, E. A. – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Decision-making involves the ability to choose between competing actions that are associated with uncertain benefits and penalties. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), which mimics real-life decision-making, involves learning a reward-punishment rule over multiple trials. Patients with damage to ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) show deficits…
Descriptors: Patients, Rewards, Punishment, Decision Making
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Clark, L.; Bechara, A.; Damasio, H.; Aitken, M. R. F.; Sahakian, B. J.; Robbins, T. W. – Brain, 2008
The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and insular cortex are implicated in distributed neural circuitry that supports emotional decision-making. Previous studies of patients with vmPFC lesions have focused primarily on decision-making under uncertainty, when outcome probabilities are ambiguous (e.g. the Iowa Gambling Task). It remains unclear…
Descriptors: Patients, Memory, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Probability
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Toraldo, Alessio; Reverberi, Carlo – Brain and Cognition, 2004
It has been suggested that neglect patients misrepresent the metric spatial relations along the horizontal axis (anisometry). The ''fabric'' of their internal spatial medium would be distorted in such a way that physically equal distances appear relatively shorter on the contralesional side (canonical anisometry). The case of GL, a 76-year-old…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Cognitive Processes, Patients, Brain Hemisphere Functions