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Smith, Christine N.; Squire, Larry R. – Learning & Memory, 2017
Eye movements can reflect memory. For example, participants make fewer fixations and sample fewer regions when viewing old versus new scenes (the repetition effect). It is unclear whether the repetition effect requires that participants have knowledge (awareness) of the old-new status of the scenes or if it can occur independent of knowledge about…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Memory, Decision Making
Merck, Catherine; Jonin, Pierre-Yves; Vichard, Helene; Boursiquot, Sandrine Le Moal; Leblay, Virginie; Belliard, Serge – Brain and Language, 2013
Category-specific deficits have rarely been reported in semantic dementia (SD). To our knowledge, only four previous studies have documented category-specific deficits, and these have focused on the living versus non-living things contrast rather than on more fine-grained semantic categories. This study aimed to determine whether a…
Descriptors: Alzheimers Disease, Semantics, Patients, Food
Vigliecca, Nora Silvana; Báez, Sandra – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2015
A theoretical framework which considers the verbal functions of the brain under a multivariate and comprehensive cognitive model was statistically analyzed. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to verify whether some recognized aphasia constructs can be hierarchically integrated as latent factors from a homogenously verbal test. The Brief…
Descriptors: Aphasia, Measures (Individuals), Neuropsychology, Language Processing
Reggev, Niv; Zuckerman, Maya; Maril, Anat – Neuropsychologia, 2011
Metamemory refers to the ability of individuals to monitor and control their own memory performance. Although little theoretical consideration of the possible differences between the monitoring of episodic and of semantic knowledge has been published, results from patient and drug studies that used the "feeling of knowing" (FOK) paradigm show a…
Descriptors: Semantics, Prediction, Metacognition, Memory
Loiselle, Magalie; Rouleau, Isabelle; Nguyen, Dang Khoa; Dubeau, Francois; Macoir, Joel; Whatmough, Christine; Lepore, Franco; Joubert, Sven – Neuropsychologia, 2012
The role of the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) in semantic memory is now firmly established. There is still controversy, however, regarding the specific role of this region in processing various types of concepts. There have been reports of patients suffering from semantic dementia (SD), a neurodegenerative condition in which the ATL is damaged…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Semantics, Dementia, Patients
Martinos, Marina M.; Yoong, Michael; Patil, Shekhar; Chin, Richard F. M.; Neville, Brian G.; Scott, Rod C.; de Haan, Michelle – Brain, 2012
Children with a history of a prolonged febrile seizure show signs of acute hippocampal injury on magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, animal studies have shown that adult rats who suffered febrile seizures during development reveal memory impairments. Together, these lines of evidence suggest that memory impairments related to hippocampal…
Descriptors: Verbal Ability, Injuries, Evidence, Tests
Coras, Roland; Siebzehnrubl, Florian A.; Pauli, Elisabeth; Huttner, Hagen B.; Njunting, Marleisje; Kobow, Katja; Villmann, Carmen; Hahnen, Eric; Neuhuber, Winfried; Weigel, Daniel; Buchfelder, Michael; Stefan, Hermann; Beck, Heinz; Steindler, Dennis A.; Blumcke, Ingmar – Brain, 2010
The hippocampal dentate gyrus maintains its capacity to generate new neurons throughout life. In animal models, hippocampal neurogenesis is increased by cognitive tasks, and experimental ablation of neurogenesis disrupts specific modalities of learning and memory. In humans, the impact of neurogenesis on cognition remains unclear. Here, we…
Descriptors: Surgery, Patients, Memory, Cognitive Ability
Ahs, Fredrik; Kumlien, Eva; Fredrikson, Mats – Brain and Cognition, 2010
The amygdala, situated in the anterior medial temporal lobe (MTL), is involved in the emotional enhancement of memory. The present study evaluated whether anterior MTL-resections attenuated arousal induced memory enhancement for pictures. Also, the effect of MTL-resections on response latencies at retrieval was assessed. Thirty-one patients with…
Descriptors: Pictorial Stimuli, Performance, Patients, Recognition (Psychology)
Winters, Boyer D.; Saksida, Lisa M.; Bussey, Timothy J. – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Damage to structures in the human medial temporal lobe causes severe memory impairment. Animal object recognition tests gained prominence from attempts to model "global" human medial temporal lobe amnesia, such as that observed in patient HM. These tasks, such as delayed nonmatching-to-sample and spontaneous object recognition, for assessing…
Descriptors: Animals, Recognition (Psychology), Memory, Neurological Impairments
Ciaramelli, Elisa; Rosenbaum, R. Shayna; Solcz, Stephanie; Levine, Brian; Moscovitch, Morris – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2010
The ability to navigate in a familiar environment depends on both an intact mental representation of allocentric spatial information and the integrity of systems supporting complementary egocentric representations. Although the hippocampus has been implicated in learning new allocentric spatial information, converging evidence suggests that the…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Memory, Spatial Ability, Navigation
Iachini, Tina; Ruggiero, Gennaro; Conson, Massimiliano; Trojano, Luigi – Brain and Cognition, 2009
The purpose of this paper was to verify whether left and right parietal brain lesions may selectively impair egocentric and allocentric processing of spatial information in near/far spaces. Two Right-Brain-Damaged (RBD), 2 Left-Brain-Damaged (LBD) patients (not affected by neglect or language disturbances) and eight normal controls were submitted…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Neurological Impairments, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Patients
Prehn-Kristensen, Alexander; Molzow, Ina; Munz, Manuel; Wilhelm, Ines; Muller, Kathrin; Freytag, Damaris; Wiesner, Christian D.; Baving, Lioba – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
Sleep supports the consolidation of declarative and procedural memory. While prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity supports the consolidation of declarative memory during sleep, opposite effects of PFC activity are reported with respect to the consolidation of procedural memory during sleep. Patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Patients, Memory, Sleep
Lucas, Marcella M.; Lenck-Santini, Pierre-Pascal; Holmes, Gregory L.; Scott, Rod C. – Brain, 2011
One of the most common and serious co-morbidities in patients with epilepsy is cognitive impairment. While early-life seizures are considered a major cause for cognitive impairment, it is not known whether it is the seizures, the underlying neurological substrate or a combination that has the largest impact on eventual learning and memory. Teasing…
Descriptors: Animals, Epilepsy, Mental Retardation, Seizures
Croft, Katie E.; Duff, Melissa C.; Kovach, Christopher K.; Anderson, Steven W.; Adolphs, Ralph; Tranel, Daniel – Neuropsychologia, 2010
As we learn new information about the social and moral behaviors of other people, we form and update character judgments of them, and this can profoundly influence how we regard and act towards others. In the study reported here, we capitalized on two interesting neurological patient populations where this process of complex "moral…
Descriptors: Neurology, Personality, Patients, Moral Values
Maguire, Eleanor A.; Kumaran, Dharshan; Hassabis, Demis; Kopelman, Michael D. – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Whilst patients with semantic dementia (SD) are known to suffer from semantic memory and language impairments, there is less agreement about whether memory for personal everyday experiences, autobiographical memory, is compromised. In healthy individuals, functional MRI (fMRI) has helped to delineate a consistent and distributed brain network…
Descriptors: Semantics, Dementia, Language Impairments, Diseases