This study sought to clarify the process of knowledge acquisition by examining why people tend to misattribute others' activities as their own after having interacted with them. In Study 1, an experiment was conducted with 4-year-old children allocated to 2 groups: one group of children interacted with an adult, and the other group interacted with…

This paper deals with the ways in which minority students in the Danish public school system bring mono-lingually based norms into their poly-lingual peer group interaction. In sequential micro-analyses of interaction we show how the students use the voice of an authority in their reproduction and negotiation of linguistic norms. We base our…

The behavior of 304 mentally disabled adults was observed in five settings (one residence, four sheltered workshops) during periods when they were free to affiliate with peers. In total, the findings indicated that the variables most predictive of affiliation in the present community settings were also the ones most amenable to personal or…

In the third in a series on the social behavior of mentally disabled clients in community facilities, social choice for various cognitive and physical characteristics and for exposure to others was investigated in five settings. (Author/SBH)

Observations of social and dependency behavior were made on 48 children in two nursery schools. The findings indicate that in settings with higher teacher/child ratios, children interact significantly more with adults and less with peers. (JMB)

A self-esteem maintenance model was tested using 52 friendship pairs. Undergraduates (N=52) participated in a word identification task described as an indirect measure of important skills (high relevance) or as a game of password (low relevance). Participants presented clues to both a friend and a stranger. As predicted by the model, subjects gave…

The purpose of this paper was to explore the age-segregation of U.S. children in two situations--children's spontaneous groups and adult-organized activities--and to examine the developmental changes in children's companionship between infancy and adolescence. The companionship of 400 urban children ranging in age from 1 to 12 years was determined…

Forty-three preschoolers (14 three-, 16 four-, and 13 five-year-olds), who were attending four multi-age, child-centered classes in a University laboratory school, were assessed for perceptual, cognitive, and affective role-taking ability. These same children were then observed naturalistically (via systematic time sampling) in laboratory…

This study examined the relationship between the frequency of adult/peer interactions of preschool children and their perceptual role-taking ability. (CM)

To gain some insight and understanding of the opinion leadership phenomenon as an element of a change strategy for agricultural education, a means of identifying and investigating the personal and social characteristics of teachers identified as opinion leaders was developed. Chi square, "t" test, and Spearman's rank order correlation…

This study demonstrated that five withdrawn adults living in a residential center for psychotic and mentally handicapped persons could serve as peer therapists to increase the social interaction of other withdrawn residents. Positive results were maintained during a four-month follow-up condition. (Author/DB)

A study to analyze individual differences in interpersonal styles of students and to identify behavioral differences in student interactions with adults and peers is reported. The sample consisted of 18 high school males who were observed during two normal school days. Students were observed according to interactions with other students, adults,…

This paper presents two studies of the development of social competencies in infancy. In the first experiment, the central issue investigated was whether facial configuration or height is utilized by infants to respond differentially to children and adults. Five different strangers, a male and a female child, a male and a female adult, and a small…

To investigate the feasibility of using opinion leaders to introduce new ideas in vocational homemaking, 124 vocational homemaking teachers and three regional supervisors of three representative regions in Ohio were surveyed by group-interview technique to determine if vocational homemaking opinion leaders were selected as sources of advice and…