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Siddique, Saba; Jeffery, Linda; Palermo, Romina; Collova, Jemma R.; Sutherland, Clare A. M. – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Who do children trust? We investigated the extent to which children use face-based versus behavior-based cues when deciding whom to trust in a multiturn economic trust game. Children's (N = 42; aged 8 to 10 years; 31 females; predominantly White) trust decisions were informed by an interaction between face-based and behavior-based cues to…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Behavior, Cues, Games
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Lovibond, Peter F.; Lee, Jessica C.; Hayes, Brett K. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Generalization of learning can arise from 2 distinct sources: failure to discriminate a novel test stimulus from the trained stimulus and active extrapolation from the trained stimulus to the test stimulus despite them being discriminable. We investigated these 2 processes in a predictive learning task by testing stimulus discriminability…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Discrimination Learning, Perception, Generalization
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Kelly, Laura Jane; Heit, Evan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
How does the concurrent use of language affect perception and memory for exemplars? Labels cue more general category information than a specific exemplar. Applying labels can affect the resulting memory for an exemplar. Here 3 alternative hypotheses are proposed for the role of labeling an exemplar at encoding: (a) labels distort memory toward the…
Descriptors: Language Usage, Memory, Cues, Hypothesis Testing
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Fiacconi, Chris M.; Mitton, Evan E.; Laursen, Skylar J.; Skinner, Jasmyn – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Judgments of learning (JOLs) refer to explicit predictions regarding the likelihood of remembering newly acquired information on a later test of memory. In recent years, there has been considerable interest in understanding the processes that underlie such judgments. Recent theorizing on this matter has characterized JOLs as inferential in…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Memory, Tests, Cues
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Collins, Loel; Giblin, Matthew; Stoszkowski, John Robert; Inkster, Allison – Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 2021
Situational awareness, which informs the decisions made by sea kayaking guides, is a critical safety factor in guided sea kayaking experiences. This study examines the situational awareness of a group of sea kayak guides operating in moderate water conditions. Utilising virtual reality technology, a freeze probe technique was employed with a small…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Comprehension, Perception, Metacognition
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Strachan, Lauren; Trofimovich, Pavel – Canadian Modern Language Review, 2019
Previous research has shown that English regular past-tense forms are difficult to perceive, yet perception studies to date have used experimentally manipulated input, and none has investigated how contextual cues, beyond temporal adverbials, affect the perception of the regular past. This study investigated whether second language (L2) learners…
Descriptors: Grammar, English, Native Speakers, English (Second Language)
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Lehet, Matthew; Holt, Lori L. – Cognitive Science, 2017
Multiple acoustic dimensions signal speech categories. However, dimensions vary in their informativeness; some are more diagnostic of category membership than others. Speech categorization reflects these dimensional regularities such that diagnostic dimensions carry more "perceptual weight" and more effectively signal category membership…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Word Recognition, Perception, Acoustics
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Bardi, Lara; Regolin, Lucia; Simion, Francesca – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Inversion effect in biological motion perception has been recently attributed to an innate sensitivity of the visual system to the gravity-dependent dynamic of the motion. However, the specific cues that determine the inversion effect in naïve subjects were never investigated. In the present study, we have assessed the contribution of the local…
Descriptors: Neonates, Biology, Motion, Perception
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Hadley, Elizabeth Burke; Dickinson, David K. – Journal of Child Language, 2019
The present study examines the perceptual, linguistic, and social cues that were associated with preschoolers' (4;11) growth in word-learning during shared book-reading and guided play activities. Small groups of three preschoolers (n = 30) and one adult were video-recorded during an intervention study in which new vocabulary words were explicitly…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Preschool Children, Correlation, Play
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San Juan, Valerie; Lin, Carol; Mackenzie, Heather; Curtin, Suzanne; Graham, Susan A. – Journal of Child Language, 2019
We examined if and when English-learning 17-month-olds would accommodate Japanese forms as labels for novel objects. In Experiment 1, infants (n = 22) who were habituated to Japanese word-object pairs looked longer at switched test pairs than familiar test pairs, suggesting that they had mapped Japanese word forms to objects. In Experiments 2 (n =…
Descriptors: Infants, Japanese, English, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension)
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Susser, Jonathan A.; Jin, Andy; Mulligan, Neil W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Perceptual fluency manipulations influence metamemory judgments, with more fluently perceived information judged as more memorable. However, it is not always clear whether this influence is driven by actual experienced processing fluency or by beliefs about memory. The current study used an identity-priming paradigm--in which words are preceded by…
Descriptors: Memory, Priming, Beliefs, Learning
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Spike, Matthew; Stadler, Kevin; Kirby, Simon; Smith, Kenny – Cognitive Science, 2017
The emergence of signaling systems has been observed in numerous experimental and real-world contexts, but there is no consensus on which (if any) shared mechanisms underlie such phenomena. A number of explanatory mechanisms have been proposed within several disciplines, all of which have been instantiated as credible working models. However, they…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Communication Strategies, Adjustment (to Environment), Reinforcement
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Faber, Myrthe; Gennari, Silvia P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
The field of psychology of time has typically distinguished between prospective timing and retrospective duration estimation: in prospective timing, participants attend to and encode time, whereas in retrospective estimation, estimates are based on the memory of what happened. Prior research on prospective timing has primarily focused on…
Descriptors: Memory, Psychology, Statistical Analysis, Time Management
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Fouquet, Nathalie; Megalakaki, Olga; Labrell, Florence – Infant and Child Development, 2017
We investigated the kinds of biological properties that children aged 3-6 years attribute to animals, plants, and artifacts by administering a property attribution task and eliciting explanations for the resulting property attributions. Findings indicated that, from the age of 3 years, children more frequently attribute properties to animals than…
Descriptors: Child Development, Cognitive Development, Animals, Plants (Botany)
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Samuelson, Larissa K.; Kucker, Sarah C.; Spencer, John P. – Cognitive Science, 2017
Theories of cognitive development must address both the issue of how children bring their knowledge to bear on behavior in-the-moment, and how knowledge changes over time. We argue that seeking answers to these questions requires an appreciation of the dynamic nature of the developing system in its full, reciprocal complexity. We illustrate this…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Vocabulary Development, Memory, Cues
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