Suggests that differential rearing conditions may cause significant reversals in sex-related ability and behavior (maze learning and exploration), and may significantly affect perceptual sensitivity. (RL)

Sex and, to a partial degree, age had significant effects on sex role differentiation in preschool children, but income level had little effect. (Author/RL)

Shows that the mother's being employed and the social status of her job were unrelated to preschool children's sex role differentiation. Reports significant main effects for child's sex and for the relation between sex of child and sex of siblings. (Author/RL)

Unrealistic personal optimism is the perception that undesirable events are less likely and desirable events are more likely to happen to oneself than they are to happen to other similar people. Three experiments were performed to study the relationships among personal optimism, perceived control, and selective activation of the cerebral…

This study attempted to develop a valid instrument for the assessment of attitudes in kindergarten children and to evaluate two potential curriculum procedures for facilitating attitude growth. One experimental treatment evolved from role-theory and emphasized perceptual awareness and the ability to put oneself in the place of another; the other…