The relationship between Young's (1999) Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMSs) and Baumrind's (1971) parental authority prototypes (i.e., permissive, authoritarian, and authoritative) were investigated. As hypothesized, parental authoritarianism positively predicted the prevalence of EMSs, whereas authoritativeness was inversely related to EMS scores.…

Permissiveness can lead to gross chaos in orderliness, thinking, habits, and discipline. Authoritarianism can be arbitrary and excessive, or it can only seem that way to persons who find the demands of social existence restrictive to a fancied personal freedom. (Authors)

Research has shown variables of parental nurturance (acceptance, encouragement, support) of their children to be positively correlated with their children's self-esteem. This study investigated the effects of parental nurturance and the use of permissive, authoritarian, and authoritative parental discipline upon the self-esteem of college…

Discusses relationships between parental authority patterns by which children are influenced and the development of socially responsible and independent behavior in young children (especially girls). (NH)

Explored the relationship between parenting style and academic achievement of Korean American adolescents, investigating the influence of perceived parental warmth and control and improvement in schooling. Survey data indicated that authoritative paternal parenting related to optimal academic achievement. Differences in maternal parenting styles…

Children need to share their personal lives with other persons in a relationship of mutual respect and responsiveness; i.e., in a relationship of love. Children are an end, not a means, people to be valued for their own sakes. Adults must help children to know who they are and who they can become. Values contribute to the fulfillment of a person's…

Of 4,100 adolescents, those who characterized their parents as authoritative scored highest on psychosocial competence and lowest on behavioral dysfunction. The reverse was true for neglected adolescents. Adolescents from authoritarian homes scored high on obedience but low on self-perception. Adolescents from indulgent homes evidenced…

This study examined the psychometric characteristics of a 62-item parenting questionnaire completed by parents from the United States, Australia, China, and Russia. Factor analyses yielded three global parenting dimensions for each culture which were consistent with D. Baumrind's (1971) authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive typologies. The…

Examines the degrees of permissiveness and strictness in the socialization patterns of 220 Israeli adolescents at home, at school, and in youth movement participation. Discusses the divergent approaches developed by each of the three socialization agencies. (FMW)

Without well-defined criteria for success, all radical innovations are doomed to failure. To facilitate successful experimentation the following are necessary: an outside agency to conduct evaluation; criteria of success acceptable to innovators and critics; and, in control and comparison groups, assessment and accounting of the initial versus…