The present study presents empirical information regarding the relationship between several methods of assessing proxemic behavior. Information was collated and evaluated with respect to four methods of measuring proxemic behavior: in vivo participation, observation of live actors, felt-board placements, and preferential response to photographs.…

Examines the dominant role space plays in human social experience. Touches on a number of issues, including territoriality, public v private space, and access to and control over space. (GT)

Interpersonal distance measures were used in an attempt to objectify the sense of isolation said to be present in a child with fatal illness as he nears deat h. A theoretical explanation of the results is offered based on social learning theory. (Author)

Views proxemics literature from a theoretical framework based on norms and expectations and presents a model for predicting effects of violations of proxemic expectations. (MH)

Four field experiments were carried out to examine the effects of a violation of personal space on the "victims" subsequent behavior. (Editor)

A figure-placement method was used to examine the personal space usage of 60 mildly retarded (mean age 12 years) and 60 nonretarded children (mean age 8 years) of comparable mental age. (Author)

The role of body-image boundary definiteness as a mediating personality variable in interpersonal spatial behavior under conditions of perceived threat was investigated. It was hypothesized that personal space would be positively correlated with body-image boundary definiteness. (Editor)

Differing needs for personal space require a variety of library study and seating facilities. (LS)

This annotated bibliography focuses on the sex differences and similarities in two proxemic variables, physical distance and orientation of the body. The majority of the more than 90 titles, dating from 1965 to the present, are selected from the following sources: dissertation abstracts, social-psychology journals, communication journals, and…

This document discusses research in the context of four basic issues in the area of crowding and personal space. The research upon which the author draws is from a series of three laboratory studies of the effects of manning levels on group experiences, performance, and verbal interaction. In these studies, groups of male college students worked…

Presents an extensive personal space bibliography and summarizes the major findings as set forth by personal space researchers. In addition, brief mention is given to those works that have examined methodological aspects of the topic. Finally, an abbreviated critique of personal space research is presented, and an alternative research strategy is…

Effects of race, setting and type of approach upon interpersonal distance preferences among black and white female undergraduates are examined. Same-race pairs behavior, using direct and indirect measures, indicated interpersonal distance is likely to be greater in corner than in center settings. Race of subject has no significant effect but type…

Data from 431 children in grades 3-10 on a personal space task were pooled into 4 sex-age groups and separately factor analyzed. (Authors)

Proxemic behavior was unobtrusively observed in open and enclosed environments with concurrent variation of the approach of subject to confederate or confederate to subject. The sex of subject and the sex of confederate were also varied, with nesting on the sex of confederate variable. A robust environment effect indicated that personal space is…