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Contributions of COMT Val[superscript 158]Met to Cognitive Stability and Flexibility in Infancy
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Markant, Julie; Cicchetti, Dante; Hetzel, Susan; Thomas, Kathleen M. – Developmental Science, 2014
Adaptive behavior requires focusing on relevant tasks while remaining sensitive to novel information. In adult studies of cognitive control, cognitive stability involves maintaining robust cognitive representations while cognitive flexibility involves updating of representations in response to novel information. Previous adult research has shown…
Descriptors: Infants, Genetics, Cognitive Ability, Infant Behavior
Annual Research Review: Resilient Functioning in Maltreated Children--Past, Present, and Future Perspectives
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Cicchetti, Dante – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Through a process of probabilistic epigenesis, child maltreatment progressively contributes to compromised adaptation on a variety of developmental domains central to successful adjustment. These developmental failures pose significant risk for the emergence of psychopathology across the life course. In addition to the psychological…
Descriptors: Child Abuse, Resilience (Psychology), Literature Reviews, Psychopathology
The Genetic Precursors and the Advantageous and Disadvantageous Sequelae of Inhibited Temperament: An Evolutionary Perspective
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Davies, Patrick T.; Cicchetti, Dante; Hentges, Rochelle F.; Sturge-Apple, Melissa L. – Developmental Psychology, 2013
Guided by evolutionary game theory (Korte, Koolhaas, Wingfield, & McEwen, 2005), this study aimed to identify the genetic precursors and the psychosocial sequelae of inhibited temperament in a sociodemographically disadvantaged and racially diverse sample (N = 201) of 2-year-old children who experienced elevated levels of domestic violence.…
Descriptors: Personality, Inhibition, Genetics, Evolution
An Examination of the Impact of Harsh Parenting Contexts on Children's Adaptation within an Evolutionary Framework
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Sturge-Apple, Melissa L.; Davies, Patrick T.; Martin, Meredith J.; Cicchetti, Dante; Hentges, Rochelle F. – Developmental Psychology, 2012
The current study tests whether propositions set forth in an evolutionary model of temperament (Korte, Koolhaas, Wingfield, & McEwen, 2005) may enhance our understanding of children's differential susceptibility to unsupportive and harsh caregiving practices. Guided by this model, we examined whether children's behavioral strategies for coping…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Parent Child Relationship, Mothers, Child Rearing
Physiological Measures of Emotion from a Developmental Perspective: State of the Science
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Dennis, Tracy A.; Buss, Kristin A.; Hastings, Paul D.; Bell, Martha Ann; Diaz, Anjolii; Adam, Emma K.; Miskovic, Vladimir; Schmidt, Louis A.; Feldman, Ruth; Katz, Lynn Fainsilber; Rigterink, Tami; Strang, Nicole M.; Hanson, Jamie L.; Pollak, Seth D.; Dahl, Ronald E.; Silk, Jennifer S.; Siegle, Greg J.; Beauchaine, Theodore P.; Cicchetti, Dante; Rogosch, Fred A.; Fox, Nathan A.; Kirwan, Michael; Reeb-Sutherland, Bethany; Gunnar, Megan R.; Obradovic, Jelena; Boyce, W. Thomas; Molenaar, Peter C. M.; Gates, Kathleen M. – Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 2012
In the past decade, there has been a dramatic growth in research examining the development of emotion from a physiological perspective. However, this widespread use of physiological measures to study emotional development coexists with relatively few guiding principles, thus reducing opportunities to move the field forward in innovative ways. The…
Descriptors: Physiology, Psychological Patterns, Emotional Development, Measurement
Child Maltreatment and Emergent Personality Organization: Perspectives from the Five-Factor Model
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Rogosch, Fred A.; Cicchetti, Dante – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2004
The Five-Factor Model was used to examine personality organization in 211 six-year-old children (135 maltreated and 76 nonmaltreated). Longitudinal assessments were conducted at ages 7, 8, and 9. Six-year-old maltreated children exhibited lower agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience and higher neuroticism than did…
Descriptors: Personality Development, Personality, Child Abuse
Profiles of Social Competence among Low-Income African American Preschool Children.
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Mendez, Julia L.; Fantuzzo, John; Cicchetti, Dante – Child Development, 2002
Investigated relations between children's attributes and peer play competence among African American preschoolers attending Head Start. Identified six distinctive profiles of personal attributes linked to adaptation in social functioning. Children with highly adaptable temperaments, strong ability to approach new situations, and above average…
Descriptors: Black Youth, Individual Differences, Interpersonal Competence, Low Income Groups