The authors attempted to develop and validate the Toddler Attention Questionnaire (TAQ) by examining the relationship between attention and attachment to a professional caregiver. The psychometric reliability and validity of the TAQ was tested with 72 children ranging from 20 to 36 months old. Attentive processes were also measured by the Italian…

A child's difficult temperament can elicit negative parenting and inhibit positive parenting behavior. However, mothers appear to be differentially susceptible to child temperament. The author examined the differential susceptibility to the effects of a child's temperament on the mother-child interaction style (i.e., maternal warmth and…

Using hypothetical vignettes, 152 parents of children 10-17 years old living in Chennai, India, made attributions about whether the origins of 2 positive and 2 negative behaviors performed by their own child or another child were due to the child's personality or the situation, or to parenting or nonparenting influences based on the frequency,…

The authors studied the influences of valence information on preschool children's (n = 47) moral (good or bad), liking (liked or disliked by a friend), and consequence-of-behavior (reward or punishment) judgments. The authors presented 8 scenarios describing the behavior valence, positive valence (help, share), negative valence (verbal insult,…

A total of 219 male and female college students returned questionnaire measures relating to cognitive complexity, dogmatism, and repression-sensitization. Analyses revealed very complex interactions among the variables. (Author/SB)

Negative emotionality is considered to be the core of the "difficult temperament" concept (J. E. Bates, 1989; R. L. Shiner, 1998). In this correlational study, the authors examined whether the relations between children's negative emotionality and problematic behavior (internalizing and externalizing) were partially mediated by parenting…

In order to investigate the difference in the behavioral problems presented by cognitively impulsive and reflective emotionally disturbed boys, the parents of 17 impulsive and 13 reflective boys in residential treatment were asked to rate their sons' behavior. (Author/SB)

Intelligence was described as allowing the development of creativity, but not insuring such development. Personality and environmental factors may be important in creativity expression especially at upper intelligence ranges. (Author)

A 41-item sociopolitical questionnaire was administered to 209 upper-middle-class, primarily white, high school students. The 37 students scoring highest and 35 students scoring lowest in liberalism responded to interviews, tests, and Q sorts. Results indicate that personality structure is related to adolescents' political orientations and that…

Results tend to agree with previous general population samples in not indicating any significant association between total IQ and season of birth. (Author/DB)

Investigated adolescent males' recognition of evaluative words spoken near threshold by male and female voices. Closed-style subjects (theoretically characterized by social withdrawal and perceptual blocking) recognized fewer female-spoken (relative to male-spoken) words; this finding is consistent with adaptive-style theory. (DP)

English teacher-training coeds were found to be significantly more verbally fluent than a matched American sample on three measures of divergent thinking. (WY)

This study shows a demonstrable relationship between children's personality traits and the characteristics of their creations and use of materials. (NH)