There is relatively little theory on how psychotherapy clients self-heal since most theories of therapy stress the magic of the therapist's interventions. Of the theories that exist, this paper briefly discusses Carl Rogers' theory of self-actualization; and the dialectical theories of Greenberg and his colleagues, Jenkins, and Rychlak. Gendlin's…

The self-management of thoughts and mental images was used in a series of empirical case studies to influence behavior changes. The target behaviors in the cases reported were smoking, overeating, fingernail biting, thinking self-depreciative thoughts, and responding assertively. Self-monitoring, covert positive reinforcement, covert…

This document presents the results of two studies investiqating (1) the personality traits of physically trained and physically untrained individuals, and (2) the changes effected in personality traits by an exercise program. Training programs consisted of ten-week periods of activity in fencing, body conditioning, and weightlifting. Analysis of…

Two studies are reported, each of which achieves personality change with both audiovisual self-confrontation (AVSC) and supportive, nondirective interviews. The first study used Ericksonian identity achievement as a dependent variable. Sixty-one male subjects were measured using Anne Constantinople's inventory. The results of this study…

Although it is commonly considered that personality characteristics are stable over long periods of time, some recent theorists have questioned this view. In order to examine a number of personality, social, and family oriented characteristics, 44 women were interviewed three times (at young adulthood, middle age and young old age) over a 40 year…

This study investigated the long-term stability of the nine temperament subcategories which underlie the Thomas and Chess temperament clusters. A homogeneous sample of 55 children and parents was recruited (26 remained at the final data collection interval) and parents provided questionnaire responses on their child's temperament at 2, 4, 6, 18,…

In this study of homosexuality the following variables were tested: (1) acceptance of others, (2) faith in others, and (3) levels of masculinity and femininity (M-F). The subjects were 11th and 12th graders enrolled in a suburban high school (n=68). Three standardized measurement instruments, each designed to measure one of the above-mentioned…

Research in the area of person perception has been dominated by the assumption that people seek stable trait information and view others as highly consistent. To examine whether perceivers would have difficulty in thinking of ways that people have changed, and in reporting instances of such change, 120 college students were asked to complete short…

A comprehensive examination of the psychological and biological factors involved in exercise addiction is presented in an attempt to explain the varying position of individuals on the continuum of ability to commence and continue a regimen of physical activity. Physiological considerations in exercise tolerance and the feelings derived from…

Assertive training interventions have become increasingly popular for teaching specific life skills to individuals, but spouses are rarely involved. To study the effects of training on marital relations and social skill, assertive training was conducted with married individuals (N= 4 couples) reporting less assertive ability than their spouses.…

Since measurement errors exist in panel surveys, LISREL (a procedure for controlling measurement error by the analysis of covariance structures) was used in this investigation to determine the stability of the social-psychological concept of locus of control expectancy change with the aquisition of post secondary education. The National…

This paper reports a study of the influence of two parent education programs on mothers' personality processes as measured by the Loevinger Scale of Ego Development. Participating in either a Discussion Group program focusing primarily on the mother's needs or a Toy Demonstration program focusing mainly on the child, low income black mothers…

Previous research on communication apprehension has revealed a reduction in student apprehension over a semester-length course in speech communication. Further research indicates, however, that, while most students do experience a reduction, a sizable percentage actually report an increase. This study sought to determine the difference between…

Rapidly changing organizational systems and individual demands, as outlined by Alvin Toffler in "Future Shock," call for a unique flexibility in change strategies. Although theatre, as reflected in the degree of support by the national budget, is not considered a high priority item, it can provide a valuable social function. With the…

This paper discusses those aspects of personality development relevant to language learning. In particular, second language learning is shown to entail personality modification. References are made to the place of values, attitudes, and the model of the world in personality; to the role of language learning in developing favorable cross-cultural…