This study examined the impact of the Boys & Girls Clubs of America (BGC), and its Keystone Club (KC) component, on the leadership and citizenship development of its alumni. 14 alumni were interviewed using a structured interview technique. The constant comparative method was utilized to identify leadership traits and skills that alumni…

This paper lists four interdependent family characteristics, and argues that they have been distinguishing features of the Western family for several centuries. They are: family membership, mother's age during childbearing, spouse age difference, and presence of other people. Their interrelationships and possible importance in personality…

Factor analyzed the Family Environment Scale (FES) subscale scores of 204 families and correlated them with family demographic characteristics. The obtained factor structure showed two major factors similar to "control" and "acceptance-rejection" dimensions in previous research. Results support the FES as part of multimethod…

The effects of a family's socioeconomic status on psychological differentiation were tested separately, using the Hidden Figures Test, the Hidden Pattern Test, and the Modified This I Believe Test performance of 53 male and 87 female white undergraduates who were widely distributed on socioeconomic status and background demographic…

The author examined relations among demographic risk (income, maternal education, single-parent status), growth in temperament (fear, irritability, effortful control), and parenting (rejection, inconsistent discipline) across 3 years and the prediction of children's adjustment problems in a community sample (N=190; ages 8-12 years at Time 1).…

This paper presents a review of the research related to the development of self concept in both "normal" and "abnormal" children. The problems and limitations of self concept research are discussed, followed by an analysis of self concept as related to: (1) the developmental factors in childhood (with specific references to the work of S.…