Describes the characteristics of resilience and discusses flow theory. Defines the overriding goal of counseling from a flow theory perspective as assisting students to order their consciousness so the self can develop ever-increasing levels of complexity. Lists and defines five conditions that advance the likelihood of an individual's optimal…

The Project on Student Development in Small Colleges is a 5-year research and action program which has studied institutional characteristics, student characteristics, attrition, and student development in 13 small colleges across the country. The results of this study on personality development indicated that personality development during college…

The concept of personality integration and effective personal functioning was investigated from a systems theory perspective by studying participants from divergent subcultural groups. Results indicate that process dimensions of complexity and openness do differentiate between highly integrated and control group participants across subcultures…

This study examines the impact of a high ability suburban school district on the personal development of adolescents with average mental ability who had always lived in the community and attended its schools. Two groups were identified to determine the influence of academic and intellectual competition on personal development. An "average…

This book claims that morality is a two-way street, and adolescent students learn by watching teachers. It argues that schools should incorporate morality as a pivotal tool in education, noting that the American school is an exhausting, inefficient, and often dehumanizing place of work for teenagers and their elders. Students learn not just from…

The effects of individual personality differences upon performance in the internal and external environment were investigated through the use of the Internal-External concept. Subjects were 40 grade 9 males of average intelligence (Lorge-Thorndike) whose reading achievement was within three grade levels of grade 9. Scores on the James I. E. Scale…

Although self-esteem and locus of control orientation differ for American Indian and White children at all educational levels, internality increases with age and is positively related to self-esteem for both groups. American Indian students have a more external orientation and lower self-esteem than White students. (SB)