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Wen, Zhisheng; Yang, Jing; Han, Lili – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2022
Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in case studies and surveys by researchers of second language acquisition (SLA) and cognitive (neuro-)science to probe into the group of exceptionally talented multilingual learners or polyglots who can understand and speak an impressive number of multiple foreign languages other than their own mother…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Language Aptitude, Language Proficiency, Language Skills
Jacquey, Lisa; Fagard, Jacqueline; Esseily, Rana; O'Regan, J. Kevin – Developmental Psychology, 2020
To benefit from the exploration of their bodies and their physical and social environments, infants need to detect sensorimotor contingencies linking their actions to sensory feedback. This ability, which seems to be present in babies from birth and even in utero, has been widely used by researchers in their study of early development. However, a…
Descriptors: Infants, Psychomotor Skills, Child Development, Sensory Integration
Kupers, Elisa; Lehmann-Wermser, Andreas; McPherson, Gary; van Geert, Paul – Review of Educational Research, 2019
Within education, the importance of creativity is recognized as an essential 21st-century skill. Based on this premise, the first aim of this article is to provide a theoretical integration through the development of a framework based on the principles of complex dynamic systems theory, which describes and explains children's creativity. This…
Descriptors: Children, Creativity, Child Development, Student Development
Hong, Eunsook; Part, Rachel; Rowel, Lonnie – Creativity Theory and Action in Education, 2017
Personal beliefs about a construct are formed based on individuals' experiences in sociocultural contexts. Personal beliefs are powerful as individuals tend to plan, take actions, and evaluate their own and others' actions based on their belief system. In this chapter, we review pervasive creativity myths, followed by an examination of teachers'…
Descriptors: Creativity, Student Attitudes, Teacher Attitudes, Misconceptions
de Cruz, Nicholas P. – Journal of Leadership Education, 2019
With team-based structures replacing traditional hierarchical systems, the purpose of this paper was to explore the concept of shared leadership and its impact on improving team performance. The five underlying mechanisms that form the components which drive shared leadership, namely (1) trust, (2) empowerment, (3) age and maturity, (4) fair…
Descriptors: Leadership Role, Cooperation, Performance Factors, High Achievement
Jayawickreme, Eranda; Meindl, Peter; Helzer, Erik G.; Furr, R. Michael; Fleeson, William – Theory and Research in Education, 2014
A major objection to the study of virtue asserts that the empirical psychological evidence implies traits have little meaningful impact on behavior, as slight changes in situational characteristics appear to lead to large changes in virtuous behavior. We argue in response that the critical evidence is not these effects of situations observed in…
Descriptors: Ethics, Criticism, Personality Traits, Individual Differences
Jensen, Mikael – Journal of Education and Learning, 2015
There has been an increased interest in personality traits (especially the five-factor model) in relation to education and learning over the last decade. Previous studies have shown a relation between personality traits and learning, and between personality traits and academic achievement. The latter is typically described in terms of Grade Point…
Descriptors: Personality Traits, Academic Achievement, Learning, Grade Point Average
DePasquale, Carrie E.; Gunnar, Megan R. – Future of Children, 2020
Parental sensitivity and nurturance are important mechanisms for establishing biological, emotional, and social functioning in childhood. Sensitive, nurturing care is most critical during the first three years of life, when attachment relationships form and parental care shapes foundational neural and physiological systems, with lifelong…
Descriptors: Child Rearing, Parenting Styles, Child Development, Attachment Behavior
Anchan, John P. – Gifted and Talented International, 2012
In this response to "A Quality of Giftedness," ("Gifted and Talented International" v27 n2 p13-71 2012) by Prof. Dr. Joan Freeman, John Anchan comments that Freeman's article raises a number of issues that challenge conventional train of thoughts. It is all about why one person can train endlessly and yet, never keep a tune,…
Descriptors: Gifted, Personality Traits, Personality Theories, Individual Differences
Harkness, Allan R.; Finn, Jacob A.; McNulty, John L.; Shields, Susan M. – Psychological Assessment, 2012
The Personality Psychopathology-Five (PSY-5; Harkness & McNulty, 1994) is a model of individual differences relevant to adaptive functioning in both clinical and non-clinical populations. In this article, we review the development of the PSY-5 model (Harkness, 1992; Harkness & McNulty, 1994) and discuss the ways in which the PSY-5 model is…
Descriptors: Psychopathology, Adolescents, Mental Disorders, Personality Traits
Fox, Nathan A.; Barker, Tyson V.; White, Lauren K.; Suway, Jenna G.; Pine, Daniel S. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
In the current issue of this journal, Rapee (2013) reports that the incidence of internalizing disorders was reduced as a result of a brief parent centered intervention amongst adolescents who as young children were characterized with the temperament of behavioral inhibition (BI). The intervention was administered when children were 3 to 5 years…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Children, Personality Traits, Behavior Problems
Wang, Lijuan; Hamaker, Ellen; Bergeman, C. S. – Psychological Methods, 2012
Intra-individual variability over a short period of time may contain important information about how individuals differ from each other. In this article we begin by discussing diverse indicators for quantifying intra-individual variability and indicate their advantages and disadvantages. Then we propose an alternative method that models…
Descriptors: Evaluation Methods, Data Analysis, Individual Differences, Models
Piazza, Jared; Bering, Jesse M.; Ingram, Gordon – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2011
Two child groups (5-6 and 8-9 years of age) participated in a challenging rule-following task while they were (a) told that they were in the presence of a watchful invisible person ("Princess Alice"), (b) observed by a real adult, or (c) unsupervised. Children were covertly videotaped performing the task in the experimenter's absence. Older…
Descriptors: Cheating, Individual Differences, Child Psychology, Experimental Psychology
Kulas, John T.; Thompson, Richard C.; Anderson, Michael G. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2011
The California Psychological Inventory's Dominance scale was investigated for inconsistencies in item-trait associations across four samples (one American normative and three culturally dissociated manager groupings). The Kim, Cohen, and Park procedure was used, enabling simultaneous multigroup comparison in addition to the traditional…
Descriptors: Personality Traits, Measures (Individuals), Correlation, Prediction
Farah, Martha J.; Smith, M. Elizabeth; Gawuga, Cyrena; Lindsell, Dennis; Foster, Dean – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2009
Functional neuroimaging has been used to study a wide array of psychological traits, including aspects of personality and intelligence. Progress in identifying the neural correlates of individual differences in such traits, for the sake of basic science, has moved us closer to the applied science goal of measuring them and thereby raised ethical…
Descriptors: Personality Traits, Neurology, Brain, Diagnostic Tests